There were not millions.....only 388,000 came to our land. While there was, according to records, 10.7 million Africans transported to the New Word, most went to the Caribbean and South America...... This is according to Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database, edited by professors David Eltis and David Richardson. And the ships were built by the French, Dutch, Portuguese, and Spanish. Only one ship was built in the new world, called the City of Norfolk and it was fitted out in NYC.
Departing from its home port in Europe, a typical ship made its first transition to the west coast of Africa, trading goods for a full load of slavespeople who had been seized in war, convicted of petty crimes, or simply kidnapped. On the second, or "middle," passage, the captain sailed his cargo across the Atlantic Ocean to one or more ports in the New World, where he sold his slaves and purchased or loaded goods such as sugar, rum, and molasses. On the final passage, he returned home. The Portuguese dominated the early slave trade.
Approximately 15 percent of the Africans died while in transit....but everyone forgets that the crews of these ships died at higher rates.
So, your first question, the answer is no they did not build the ships. Their skill levels were too low. They could and did build small vessels for shallow water use, but nothing that could cross the Atlantics. They did, however, by the end of the slaving business become crew members. I cannot find record of a full blooded African becoming a ship captain, but many that were mixed with the French and followers of Islam became Captains.
The percentage of loss averaged 15 percent. Many perished from disease, but suicide was high and also many perished because of revolts and self inflicted starvation.
Mind you, the business of slaves goes back to biblical times and was pervasive throughout Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. But, the business of slaves exported to the New Word was established by the Africans who sold their people. Think about it logically.... without Africans capturing and selling their people, there would not have been African slaves, but the New World would have relied solely on the flourishing Irish Slaves trades.
The Irish slave trade started when James II sold 30,000 Irish prisoners as slaves to the New World. His Proclamation of 1625 required Irish political prisoners be sent overseas and sold to English settlers in the West Indies. By the mid 1600s, the Irish were the main slaves sold to Antigua and Montserrat. At that time, 70% of the entire population of Montserrat were Irish slaves.
Ireland quickly became the biggest source of human livestock for English merchants. The majority of the early slaves to the New World were actually white.
From 1641 to 1652, over 500,000 Irish were killed by the English and another 300,000 were sold as slaves. Irelands population fell from around 1,500,000 to 600,000 in one single decade. Families were ripped apart as the British did not allow Irish dads to take their wives and children with them across the Atlantic. This led to a helpless population of homeless women and children. Britains solution was to auction them off as well.
During the 1650s, over 100,000 Irish children between the ages of 10 and 14 were taken from their parents and sold as slaves in the West Indies, Virginia and New England. In this decade, 52,000 Irish (mostly women and children) were sold to Barbados and Virginia. Another 30,000 Irish men and women were also transported and sold to the highest bidder. In 1656, Cromwell ordered that 2000 Irish children be taken to Jamaica and sold as slaves to English settlers.
The business of the slave trade is old, going back to biblical times, and Africa still has a thriving business....
KHH1 wrote:
Answer the f-king question....did blacks build and captain ships to bring millions over to the USA with many lost at sea because of disease and sickness? Did blacks really establish the institution here in the USA for hundreds of years?...once again...I have to quit discussing black people with white cons.........