PeterS wrote:
Isn't murder murder?
If these are indeed tenets of god then upon what basis were the crusades made than, or the crusade against Muslims that so many Christian Conservatives want us to go on today?
:roll: :roll: :roll: :roll:
While your questions may seem simple the answers are rather complex as both God and man are complex. To answer your inquiries first requires a clear understanding and acceptance of mans humanity vs Christ's divinity, and second what the quotes you referenced actually mean.
First Part: Understanding humanity vs divinity:
We are all made in Gods image. Some people come much closer to Gods perfection than others, but as humans while we can strive to do better and as Christians follow the example of Jesus we all (believer and non believer) fall short of the glory of God.
Second part: Understanding what the quote(s) you used actually mean.
Since your referred to two separate quotes, the response requires two separate answers.
For your inquiry from Matthew 22:39 re 'YOU SHALL LOVE YOUR NEIGHBOR AS YOURSELF. First you have to love YOURSELF Notice it does not say love your neighbor ABOVE or BEFORE yourself. Under this commandment, for example, I would only allow myself, in the worst case scenario, to k**l in defending myself or others and would also allow my neighbor or my enemy the same right.
For your inquiry re Matthew 5:39 "But I say unto you, That ye resist not evil: but whosoever shall smite thee on thy right cheek, turn to him the other also. I will defer to another far more eloquent than I, and here is what they have to say:
Love Without Limits (Matthew 5:3848)
Last month, my neighbor and workout partner turned a stunningly youthful forty. His generous wife bought him a thousand dollar mini-gym. Ted and I were beside ourselves! We were finally going to lift weights as God originally intended. There was only one problem: The three flat boxes that were delivered looked nothing like the gym we were expecting. We needed to put this weight-lifting paradise together ourselves. (I h**e it when there is no demo model!) We read on-line that the estimated time to put everything together was eight hours! I about cried when I read this! To make matters more excruciating, the directions were dreadful! Whoever wrote these directions is either a rocket scientist from MIT with a chip on his shoulder, or an utter imbecile with a sadistic sense of humor. Unlike me, Ted is very mechanically inclined. Yet, even Ted said, I have never put together anything more difficult than the Marcy 4300. In time, we assembled the beast. Or, should I say, Ted finally subdued this project. I just handed him tools and tried not to make too many blunders. In the end, the only way we completed this task was by following the directions. Even though the directions were confusing, difficult, and disputable, without them we would have been sunk. Therefore, we poured over every page, photograph, diagram, and step-by-step direction, gleaning what help each could offer.
Likewise, in the spiritual realm, the only way to deal with an especially daunting task or relationship is by studying the directions in Gods Word. This admonition is especially important when it comes to loving those who hurt us. We live in a society of raw power: the one with the strongest fists or the most guns wins. Instead of the Golden Rule, our ethics are, Do unto others first, before they do unto you. If they do anything bad to you at all, finish them off before they can do anything worse. Or my personal favorite, I dont get mad, I get even. All of these expressions are natural responses; however, you and I are called to live a supernatural life. In Matthew 5:3848 Jesus says, When you love without limits, you are like God. In these eleven verses, He lays down two discipleship commitments.
1. Forgo your own rights (5:3842). Contrary to popular belief, you have no rights. When you became a disciple, you signed up to die to self.1 In 5:38 Jesus says, You have heard that it was said, AN EYE FOR AN EYE, AND A TOOTH FOR A TOOTH. Jesus quotes the law of retaliation that is found in three Old Testament passages (Exod 21:24; Lev 24:20; Deut 19:21).2 This phrase causes some to say that the Old Testament Law was savage and bloodthirsty, but that is not true. Actually, it was the beginning of mercy. And it is the foundational law of all civilization. Although it allows retaliation, it limited retaliation by setting restrictions. The law was intended as an equalizer of justice.3 If a person knocks out my tooth, I get his. And if I poke out his eye, he gets mine. Retaliation as we know it sets out to get more than that. We want to up the ante. We want two eyes for an eye or a life for an eye.4 But this law limited retaliation and disproportionate revenge. In other words, people could only get back what they lost. In addition to being merciful, the law limited retaliation for the offended. It didnt allow the whole family to get into the act. When wronged, we tend to line up forces of family and friends to retaliate. If a person cuts off my ear, I want to cut off his head. And if I cut off his head, his brother will k**l me, and if he k**ls me, my brother will k**l his brother, and pretty soon we have a clan war. Without the law of retaliation, revenge goes from the individual to the family to the clan to the tribe and ultimately to whole nations. So what seems like a blood-hungry law was actually a way of limiting violence and bloodshed.5 Furthermore, while the law allows one to get even within limits, it does not require one to get even.6 So even in the Old Testament one could forgo retaliation.
Of course, Jesus teaching generally goes above and beyond the Law. In 5:39a Jesus declares, But I say to you, do not resist [retaliate against]7 an evil person
The word t***slated resist in this context means do not render evil for evil.8 Jesus is talking about revenge, not self-preservation. He isnt telling us to be weak and passive; Hes telling us not to be vindictive. Jesus wants us to ask the question, If someone does something evil to me, how may I respond with only good in return?9 Obviously, this is a high standard to live up to! Yet, Jesus style-discipleship is not for spiritual wimps!
In 5:39b42, Jesus provides four illustrations of what it means to not retaliate against an evil person.10 In His first illustration in 5:39b Jesus says, but whoever slaps you on your right cheek, turn the other to him also. This verse is often used to prohibit any form of self-defense. But is this Jesus intent? First of all, notice that Jesus specifically mentions the right cheek. Approximately 90% of the people in the world are right-handed. [Bring a young man on stage and provide the following slow-motion visual demonstration.] I am right-handed and if I punch you with my right hand, I will hit you on the left cheek. If I try to hit you on the right cheek with my right fist, I wont hurt you one bit. Jesus is not referring to a situation where another person is attempting to punch your lights out. He is speaking of a slap across the right cheek with the back of the right hand. Second, in Jesus day a slap to ones face was considered a gross insult by the Jews, and was among the most demeaning acts one could inflict on another person. Slapping someone on the cheek was a sign of contempt and did not pose a serious safety threat.11 It was considered a terrible insult.12 Receiving the back of the hand meant that you were scorned as inconsequentiala nothing.13 If a man struck you with the back of his hand instead of punching you in the mouth, you could collect twice the damages because an insult was worse than an injury in Jesus honor-shame society.14 Even today, the Irish often say, The back of my hand to you, which means, You are scum.15 Third, Jesus is not describing a physical attack and telling us to roll over and play dead. You should not encourage your children to be beat up by bullies. Nor should you stand by and watch while an innocent person is attacked. You should not let thieves, murderers, and terrorists have their way in our society. When necessary, you should seek to protect yourself, your family members, and victims of injustice and cruelty. But what Jesus is saying is this: When someone insults you, do not seek revenge.16 You should not trade insults, even if it means you receive more.17 You must avoid retaliation and personal revenge!18 When you love without limits, you are like God.
A couple of years ago when Tiger Woods won the Masters Tournament, Fuzzy Zoeller responded with some mean, r****t remarksremarks he intended to be funny, but were only mean-spirited. Fuzzy received a great deal of well-deserved criticism for his comments, but Tiger Woods response was, We all make mistakes and its time to move on. Tiger could have returned the insultthe media would have loved itbut he refused to retaliate. Instead, he said, Lets move on.
Do you share Tiger Woods response? Is this your attitude when you bear the brunt of insults? Can you say, We all make mistakes and its time to move on? Jesus did not give tit for tat. He was not in the business of getting even. Some of us would even the score, even if it k**ls usand it may! By nature we are vindictive. Vindictiveness will eat our heart out. It will sour our spirit. How unlike the Savior we are. As soon as someone starts a rumor about us, we get on our high horse. Our backs arch like a cat. We show our fangs. We are ready to do battle. If given a chance, we will hang their hide on the wall. We are still in kindergarten spiritually, compared to our Lord. We believe that we must defend ourselves and vindicate ourselves. When it came to this kind of thing, our Lord Jesus was not concerned about His reputation. Are you willing to leave retaliation in Gods hands? This is not to imply that you are to be passive in your relationships. Jesus often confronted those around Him, but He was not vindictive. Jesus did not threaten His accusers with harm. He did not say, Ill get even. Ill get the Father after you.
In Jesus second illustration in 5:40 He says: If anyone wants to sue you and take your shirt, let him have your coat also.19 This is where we get the expression, I lost my shirt. The Greek word t***slated shirt (chiton) is t***slated tunic in many English versions.20 The term refers to a long-sleeved inner robe similar to a nightshirt that a person wore next to the skin.21 Jesus instructs His disciples that if someone tries to sue for their tunic, they should let him have their coat (himation) as well. This cloak was the outer robe (cf. 27:35), which was an indispensable piece of clothing that the poor used for a sleeping cover.22 It was possible in Jesus day to sue others for the very shirt on their backs. However, no one could take anothers cloak. So even if you lost your shirt (or tunic) in court, and your opponent asked for your cloak and won it, he had to return it every evening for you to sleep in. That was the law.
What was the situation here? Evidently, Jesus was giving advice to the poor among His followersthose who had been reduced to the garments on their backs because of persecution for their faith. His teaching is simply this: As they sue you (no doubt falsely) for your shirt and win it, give them your cloak too, even though they cannot legally take it. Jesus makes a startling demand of His disciples. They must reverse the dynamic. Instead of defending themselves or seeking retaliation, they must give to this person who is so unfairly attempting to take their most basic necessities.23 This is supremely radical, and it is meant to point ones persecutors to Christ.24 When you love without limits, you are like God.
In Jesus third illustration in 5:41 He says: Whoever forces you to go one mile, go with him two. This verse provides the background for the expression, Go the second mile. In Jesus day, Roman soldiers had the authority to force civilians to carry their loads for one mile. However, Roman law said that a person only had to do this service for one mile and then he was free to go. Obviously, the Jews held to the letter of the law on this. They measured the mile in steps: one thousand exactly. And they counted every single step. When they got to one thousand they stopped, put down the pack, and left the Roman to carry his own load or find another victim.25 The Jews h**ed the Romans making them carry their loads. I can just see some s***e saying, Fine. I may have to carry this soldiers stuff, but you never know what might happen to it. It could get really dirty if I accidentally drop it in the mud. You just never know. Jesus point is: Dont behave like this! Instead, offer to go another mile. Give your opponent more than he has the right to demand.26 Ask him, Is there anything else I can do to help you? You should demonstrate a humble servants heart and cheerfully go beyond what is expected or demanded.27 When your boss gives you a dreadful project that is too much to bear, seek to serve him or her. If your boss treats you poorly, honor him or her and find out how you can go the extra mile. Seek to be a blessing. When you love without limits, you are like God.
In Jesus fourth and final illustration in 5:42 He says: Give to him who asks of you, and do not turn away from him who wants to borrow from you. This illustration has to do with the law of lending.28 Deut 15:711 indicates that debts were canceled every seven years. The borrowers loved this. The lenders were not quite so enthusiastic. If I was a lender and someone came to me for a loan in the sixth year, I would think twice before giving it to him. If he didnt pay it off quickly, my loan would turn into a gift. The closer the seventh year got, the more tightfisted businessmen became. But Jesus said they were not to allow the seventh year to govern them. Whenever a person had a need, Gods people were to give generously. After all, the people in Jesus day were not asking for home-improvement loans. They needed money for food. In our day and age, does this mean that a Christian banker should never refuse a loan application, no matter how bad a persons credit report looks? Does this mean you have to loan money to irresponsible people again and again, even if you know they wont make an effort to pay it back? Or that every time youre approached by someone on the street that you have to give them your money? No, because this commandment doesnt relieve you of your obligation to manage your resources responsibly. Its your responsibility to practice generosity, but its also your responsibility to practice discernment. Jesus is talking about people in legitimate need.
Do you like paying taxes? If youre like most Americans, you probably resent it, right? Maybe you wish you could find some way to make sure the government doesnt get a dime. I wonder if Jesus would suggest that in addition to paying your taxes with gladness that you also pay the second dollar. Perhaps Jesus is asking you to sacrifice an even more costly commodityyour time. The government supports all kinds of social programs that feed, house, and educate the poor. You could resent having to pay for these services or you could say, You know, I can do better than that. I can volunteer for programs that provide jobs for those who need work, shelters for those who need housing, food for the hungry, and community health services for those who are diseased.29 I can build a house or teach someone to read. I can support an organization that provides baby supplies for unwed mothers.30 When you love without limits, you are like God.
[The first commitment you must make is to forgo your own rights. This is necessary because as a disciple you have no rights. If you are to live like Jesus, you must go above and beyond the Law. The second commitment you must make is to
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2. K**l your enemies with kindness (5:4348). Obviously, I am speaking figuratively here. The primary way you demonstrate that you are Christs disciple is by your love for others,31 particularly your enemies. In 5:43 Jesus says, You have heard that it was said, YOU SHALL LOVE YOUR NEIGHBOR and h**e your enemy. The phrase, You shall love your neighbor is a quote from Lev 19:18. The word neighbor conveys the idea of one who is near. The neighbor could be a fellow believer or an adversary. The phrase h**e your enemy is not a direct quote from any Old Testament passage; it was an inference from various texts (Deut 23:36; 25:1719; Ps 139:21).32 The crowd that was listening to Jesus sermon must have said, Okay, I will love my next-door neighbor, but those blasphemous Samaritans and unclean Gentileswell, thats another matter.33 However, in 5:44, Jesus once again goes above and beyond the Law by declaring: But I say to you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you.34 Here, love is not simply praised, it is commanded.35 This requires supernatural strength. It has been said, To return evil for good is devilish; to return good for good is human; to return good for evil is divine.36 Now if you have been raped or molested, you dont have to be friends with your enemy. In cases like this that would be unhealthy and dangerous. But you are still commanded to love your enemy. However, Jesus does not say that you need to like your enemy or like what he does. Rather, you are called to love him or her. Biblical agape love requires that you are concerned about the welfare of even your enemies. This means that you will do things that will benefit and not harm them. How do you know if you really love your enemy? Do you pray for him or her?37 You can be confident that you love your enemy when you pray for him or her. Has it ever dawned on you that your greatest enemy and persecutor may be your spouse, your child, your sibling, or your parent?
Why should you love your enemies? Jesus gives the purpose in loving your enemies and praying for those who persecute you in 5:45: so that38 you may be sons of your Father who is in heaven; for He causes His sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous.39 You may be saying, Wait a second, I thought I already was a son or daughter of God. If you have believed in Christ as your Savior, you are a son or daughter of God. The focus of this verse is not on attaining a relationship with God, but rather on being a person who shares the characteristics of God. That is the meaning of the Semitic idiom son of. We would say, Like father, like son.40 We say of a son, Hes a chip off the old block. Of a daughter we say, Shes the spittin image of her mother.41 When you love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, you are like God who is so gracious that He gives good things even to those who rebel against Him. Jesus says that His Father sends sunshine and rain to fall on believers and blasphemers. God deals with enemies and friends alike. When you deal with both enemies and friends with their highest good in mind, you are like God.42
In 5:4647, Jesus poses two pairs of rhetorical questions that get to the heart of the matter. He says, For if you love those who love you, what reward43 do you have? Do not even the tax collectors do the same? If you greet [bless]44 only your brothers, what more are you doing than others? Do not even the Gentiles do the same? Jesus declares that friendship with ones friends is nothing exceptional. Everyone does that
even tax collectors. In Jesus day, the tax collectors would collect taxes for the Roman government and then add a surcharge, which they kept. Since tax collectors worked for Rome, they were viewed as t*****rs to their own people and were not well liked. (Around April 15th many Americans are not too fond of tax collectors either.) Tax collectors were the most despised people in Jewish society, yet even they had love for those who loved them. Jesus point is, this is true of everyone. So how is your love going to surpass that of the tax collector? Is there something about your love that cannot be explained in natural terms? Is there something special and unique about your love that is not present in the life of the unbeliever? These are important questions because your love must be supernatural. Do you stop being kind and gracious to others because you know that they dislike you?
Jesus concludes this passage in 5:48 with the words: Therefore you45 are to be46 perfect,47 as your heavenly Father is perfect.48 This verse summarizes not only this passage (5:3848), but everything that has been said thus far in the Sermon on the Mount (5:347). Jesus makes it clear that the goal of Christianity is perfection. You are called to be like Jesus, the only one who lived a perfect life. The burden of trying to be perfect is so heavy, someone has observed, The Christian life has not been tried and found difficult; it has been tried and found impossible. So how can you deal with this? How can you put together the demands of Scripture with the realities of life? One solution to this tension between holy expectation and unholy performance is to change the standard and make the demands relative. No one can be perfect, you know, so there must be some sort of sliding scale here. Just do the best you can. Try to one-up your neighbor.49 Unfortunately, this thinking can become a reason not to rise to anything better. Yet, Jesus calls you to rise above your imperfect love to His perfect agape love.50 This can only occur when you trust in His perfect person and work.
http://www.sermonnews.com/MembersOnlyStory.asp?ID=1805You might read 5:48 and wonder, Could I ever do that? If so, youre asking the wrong question. I dont know if I could ever go into combat. I see the images on televisionthe firefights, the bravery, the sacrifices, the casualtiesand I wonder if I have what it takes. The first and hardest decision, however, is not whether I could jump into a firefight with an AK-47, but whether I could join the military in the first place. If I reach the point where I feel called to enter the military and I sign the papers, then at that point Ive already decided that I am willing to go into battle. Answering yes to the first question, Can I serve in the military? automatically answers the second, Can I go into combat?
The demands of the Sermon on the Mount work the same way. When you look at the requirements, you rightfully ask, Could I really do that? But thats the wrong question to focus on. The first and most important question is: Can I answer Jesus call to discipleship? If you answer that affirmatively, you automatically answer the question, Can I carry out Jesus discipleship demands? As a disciple, because youve already decided up front that youll obey Jesus commands, the question now is not will you live the life, but how?51 When you love without limits, you are like God.
Perhaps youve seen the movie on the life of Mahatma Gandhi.52 Gandhi studied Christianity in England but never became a Christian because he claimed Christianity didnt seem to work for Christians. Although he wasnt impressed by the Christians he met, he was very impressed with Jesus, especially His teaching in the Sermon on the Mount. Gandhi tried to incorporate Jesus wisdom into his own life. At one point in the movie, civil war breaks out between Pakistan and India. The war stems from divisions between the Muslims of Pakistan and the Hindus of India. Gandhi lies on a cot after weeks of fasting in protest to this war. A distraught Hindu man approaches him. His only son, still a little boy, has been shot and k**led in the conflict. His heart is full of sadness, bitterness, and revenge. Gandhi can barely speak, but tells the man how to heal his own heart. Find a little Muslim boy whose father has been k**led. Take that boy as your son, and raise him as a Muslim. The distraught man walks away completely confused and disappointed. Apparently he thought the weeks of fasting had weakened Gandhis ability to reason. It made no sense to him whatsoever.
If Gandhi could seek to live out the Sermon on the Mount the way he did, how much more so can you as a believer in Jesus Christ? When you love without limits, you are like God.
Copyright © 2008 Keith R. Krell. All rights reserved. All Scripture quotations, unless indicated, are taken from the New American Standard Bible, © 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1975, 1977, and 1995 by The Lockman Foundation, and are used by permission.
CONCLUSION
in reviewing your inquires If these are indeed tenets of god then upon what basis were the crusades made than, or the crusade against Muslims
.. To answer your question accurately, the responder would need to know the conscious intent of the person or what tenet of God was their basis of their action.
To put it another way, were those you refer to in your question then or are they now acting as a defense, as a deterrent, or as retaliation and/or vindictiveness. While we can make assumptions no one except God can really know the true conscious intent of another human.
So, for you, your question may be a religious paradox for which no believer could give you an answer that would be acceptable to you, or, in fairness to you, maybe not. Perhaps your acceptance of the answer is dependent on your actual intent in asking your question(s).