DanceTherapist wrote:
The Pope has caused quite an angry reaction in Turkey, as he publicly called what the Turks did a "genocide". Turkey has never apologized for murdering one and a half million Armenians. They marched Armenians on foot to Syria, and if one fell, s/he was murdered on the spot. There were mass graveyards of hundreds of people, little ones, old people. The women were raped first. They also crucified hundreds of people. All around the world this day is a day of remembrance for those millions of Armenians who were k**led. And there was a huge diaspora - Armenians living in Russia, India, Brazil, etc., keeping their language alive, their Christian faith, all the traditions. You can find the Pope's speach on CBS if you Google "One hundred year anniversary of Armenian Genocide"
The Pope has caused quite an angry reaction in Tur... (
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Double post, this answer is a little amplified
History
You need a very broad perspective to understand the motivation the Turks in 1915 and to get it you need to look back in history to the time of the attack on the seat of the Eastern Orthodox Catholic Byzantine Empire, Constantinople. This attack, interestingly enough, was made by Crusaders of the Roman Catholic Church, who were supposed to going to the holy land to combat Moslems about 1200 AD. Instead they attacked the other Catholics, easier pickings and l**t is l**t.
Much bloodshed, followed years later by the Black Plague, left the Byzantine Empire an empty shell which was subsequently attacked and conquered by Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II around 1450. Constantinople became Istanbul and commenced the start of the Ottoman Turkish Empire expansion.
Timur-i Lang (Tamerlane) a Muslim conqueror of Mongol descent, was born in 1337. He conquered a huge territory in the middle east and Asia. Some think his feats rival Alexander the Great. 17 million people die from his conquests.
1346 The Bubonic plague starts in China and moves westward aided by the ease of travel in the Mongol empire. The Mongols laid siege to the port of Kaffa on the Crimean peninsula and catapulted plague corpses into the besieged city. The Mongol army withdraws, but has succeeded in bringing the plague to Europe. Turks are said to be the most western of the Mongols. This definitely did not endear Moslems to Europeans.
1348 The Black Plague (aka Bubonic Plague) in Europe k**ls about 75 million. Contemporary accounts place the death toll at one third of inhabitants. Vast social changes result. Workers become a scarce commodity, increasing their bargaining power with employers and ending the feudal serf system, of workers being property, tied to land. Farm land reverts back to forests as the number of farmers decrease.
Warfare between Christians and Moslems had not ceased since Mohammed's successors took control. First the Holy Land, sweeping across Africa and up into Spain to be stopped by Charles Martel, founder of the Carolingian dynasty, at the battle of Tours in 732 AD. The Moslems fought on, holding sometimes more, sometimes less, of Spain, as the fortunes of war ebbed or waxed. Moslem Africans (Moors) were imported to Spain and/or invaded on their own, allying with or attacking the resident Moslems, according to who back-stabbed better, Catholics or Moslems. This continued until Ferdinand and Isabella unified Spain and ousted the remnant of the Moslems in 1502.
The inhabitants of Spanish territory were forcibly converted to Catholicism, from Islam and Judaism. Of course, such conversions were a matter of expediency, hence, Tomas De Torquemada commenced putting heretics to the test and burning them at the stake in the Auto Da Fe ceremony.
Vlad Dracul commonly known as Vlad the impaler was also using stakes to impale invading Moslems at this time in T***sylvania or Wallachia, (north of present day Bucharest), in the Balkans around 1450, 1460. Those old boys were extremely fond of stakes.
This was incredibly cruel, akin to Moslems dismembering, murdering raping and enslaving those members of other religions that they conquered. These were evil nasty times with all parties slaying one another in the name of their God. Sound familiar?
While the East was occupied in stemming Moslem invasion the western Balkans were succumbing to other Moslem forces. The area known as Yugoslavia was penetrated between 790 and 900. The modern Bosnnians being Moslem. Serbs are Orthodox Christians whose religion keept their national identity alive during four centuries of Ottoman Turkish occupation. The Croats were Catholics. Good match no?
Enter Hitler. The N**is coerced the Croats into the same country with the Bosnians, resume genocidal slaughter, Bosnians (Ottoman Turks) on Croats. End war, C*******m emerges under Marshal Broz Tito. The warring factions were held under the iron fist, pause hostilities. With the death of Tito the country went out of control and ancient animosities between Serbs Croats and Bosnians re-emerged and manifested ultimately as the Bosnian Genocide.
Back up a bit, in the early 1800s the Ottoman empire began to break up with many subjugated nations recovering their Christian identities. The Ottoman Empire went from being multi-religious to a virtually Muslim empire (except for the Armenians, Assyrians, Syrians, Caldeans and Greeks). Armenia was one of these and part of the Orient question. (A question was a euphemism for we are going to mug you, Hitler was quite fond of questions, he never invaded without one) In Armenias case, the Armenians demanded fair treatment in face of the corrupt Ottoman misrule that prevailed in the empire. The Armenians demanded, among other things, guarantees for their lives and property from attacks by Kurdish tribes.
The genocide of the Armenians began long before 1915. During the massacres of 1894-1896 approximately 150,000 Armenians were murdered and a further 100,000 Armenians were forced to leave their homes. More than 2,500 communities were emptied completely of their Armenian inhabitants and about 500,000 Armenians were impoverished totally when the Turks and Kurds confiscated their property. The massacres ended only when the pressure from the European powers increased and they threatened to military intervene in the same way they had done in the Christian Balkan countries.
However, the main massacres would wait until 1915, when the new Young Turk government had come to power after a c**p in 1908. The cover of the ongoing world war in Europe was the perfect opportunity to solve the Armenian issue for good.
The Young Turks is really the Western denomination for the Turkish party "Committee of Union and Progress" (Ittihad ve terakki). This committee consisted mainly of officers, military doctors and nationalist politicians and administrators who were opposed to the contemporary autocrat, Sultan Abdul Hamid II. The party eventually came to be led by an extremely small circle consisting mainly of Talaat Pasha (Minister of Interior and Grand Vizier), Enver Pasha (Minister of War), Djemal Pasha (Marine Minister and Governor of Syria), Dr. N**im and Dr. Shakir (two of the party's main ideologues). This closed group saw to it that they removed all opposition, both within and outside the party, something that could almost be compared to how the N**is came to power in Germany. By brutally eliminating all liberal parties the Ottoman Parliament came to simply consist only of their own party members. Meanwhile disobedient elements were purged. The rulers handpicked key personnel in the police and army corps and made sure to build a network of people who were extremely loyal to the leadership and always obeyed orders.
The so-called triumvirate consisted of Ottoman Interior Minister Talaat Pasha, Minister of War Enver Pasha and Minister for the Marine and also the Governor of Syria and Palestine, Djemal Pasha. These three, together with some few other Turkish leaders formed the inner circle of the Young Turk regime and were ultimately responsible for the planning and the execution of the genocide in the Ottoman Empire. These were members of the Committee of Union and Progress (Turkish Ittihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti) who in the 1908 revolution and later in a c**p in 1913 took power in Turkey and ruled the empire with a rod of iron. They purged the military and police forces from all disloyal individuals and manned these positions with their own loyal people, while eliminating all the liberal opposition parties and rivals within the Committee of Union and Progress. Thus, in 1914 they had full control over the events within the empire and could orchestrate a genocide.
So you see that the same diseased mentality that Hitler and the N**is showed was not new. It was predestined by this and other examples of a limited number of ideologues grasping totalitarian power and using it in insanely, obscenely, inhuman ways. Giving lip service to a religion, which provided a framework, to persuade some and exercising brutal police power against their own people, this limited cabal led Turkey into the Genocide of 1915.
Were your ancestors responsible? Unless they were one of the ringleaders, no. They were led, persuaded by religion, coerced by force, to do despicable things. Very few have the guts to stand up to such a regime, at least not for long. Like all citizens of every nation their leaders treat them like mushrooms, keep them in the dark and feed them a lot of horsemanure. Very few combatants in a war really know why they are attacking someone else country. They do it or die, the enemy is demonized to foment hatred, wrong religion, they did it to us, we were attacked etc. etc. Tommy Atkins never knows why he is fighting, all he knows is that it is his lot in life to fight his counties battles. The white mans burden, civilizing the savages, Por le Roi, Por Le Bon Dieu, Pro Patria. Any rallying cry will do.
Did the Turks commit genocide? Of course they did. It has been done many, many times by diverse peoples. But this is history, what we do in the here and now is what we are responsible for. One cannot perpetually wear sackcloth and ashes and indulge in self-f**gellation for the atrocities committed by our ancestors.