45 Major Heretical Movements Declared By The Early Christian Church And Medieval Heresies 33 - 1177 A.D.
Sep 5, 2018 04:12:39 #
09/03/2018 List of 45 heretical movements declared heretical by the Catholic Church (Part 1)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_movements_declared_heretical_by_the_Catholic_Church
Yes their is a intelligent Christian point here, More to come . . . be patient.
Heresy has been a concern in Christian Church communities at least since the writing of the Second Epistle of Peter:
"Even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them" (2 Peter 2:1).
The Catholic Church makes a distinction between 'material' and 'formal' heresy.
a. Material heresy means in effect "holding erroneous doctrines through no fault of one's own" as occurs with people brought up in non-Catholic communities and "is neither a crime nor a sin" since the individual has never accepted the doctrine.
b. Formal heresy is "the willful and persistent adherence to an error in matters of faith" on the part of a baptised member of the Catholic Church. As such it is a grave sin and involves ipso facto excommunication. Here "matters of faith" means dogmas which have been proposed by the infallible magisterium of the Church[3] and, in addition to this intellectual error, "pertinacity in the will" in maintaining it in opposition to the teaching of the Church must be present.[4]
c. While individual branches of the Protestant Church have also used the concept in proceedings against individuals and groups deemed to be heretical by those branches, the lack of
a central doctrinal authority has meant that beliefs can often not be unanimously considered heretical from the Protestant perspective.
d. Likewise the Eastern Orthodox Church officially declares a heresy only at an ecumenical council, and currently accepts only the first seven Ecumenical Councils as ecumenical.
The following listing contains those opinions which were either explicitly condemned by Chalcedonian Christianity before 1054 or are of later origin but similar. Details of some modern opinions deemed to be heretical by the Catholic Church are listed in an appendix.
Trinitarian/Christological heresies.
The term Christology has two meanings in theology.
It can be used in the narrow sense of the question as to how the divine and human are related in the person of Jesus Christ, or alternatively of the overall study of his life and work.
Here it is used in the restricted, narrow sense.
The orthodox teaching concerning the Trinity, as finally developed and formally agreed at Constantinople in 381,
Is that God the Father, God the Son, and the Holy Spirit were all strictly one being in three hypostases, misleadingly translated as “persons".
The christological question then arose as to how Jesus Christ could be both divine and human.
This was formally resolved after much debate by the Ecumenical Councils of 431, 451 and 680 (Ephesus, Chalcedon & Constantinople III).
Here is a list of movements declared heretical in the Early Catholic Church:
1. AD 190 Adoptionism: Theodotus of Byzantium, Belief that Jesus was born as a mere (non-divine) man, was supremely virtuous and that he was adopted later as "Son of God" by the descent of the Spirit on him. Excommunicated by Pope Victor and Paul was condemned by the Synod of Antioch in 268 A.D.
2. AD 390 Apollinarism: Belief that Jesus had a human body and lower soul (the seat of the emotions) but a divine mind. Apollinaris further taught that the souls of men were propagated by other souls, as well as their bodies. Declared to be a heresy in 381 by the First Council of Constantinople.
3. AD 200 Arabici: Belief that the soul perished with the body, and that both would be revived on Judgement Day. Reconciled to the main body of the Church after a council in 250 led by Origen.
4. AD 250–336 Arianism: Denial of the true divinity of Jesus Christ taking various specific forms, but all agreed that Jesus Christ was created by the Father, that he had a beginning in time, and that the title "Son of God" was a courtesy one. The doctrine is associated with Arius who lived and taught in Alexandria, Egypt. Arius was first pronounced a heretic at the First Council of Nicea, he was later exonerated as a result of imperial pressure and finally declared a heretic after his death. The heresy was finally resolved in 381 by the First Council of Constantinople.
5. AD 320 – 403 Collyridianism: Belief that the Trinity consists of the Father, Son, and Mary and that the son is a result of marital union between the other two. The existence of the sect is subject to some dispute due to the lack of historical evidence aside from the writings of Epiphanius.
6. AD 50-100 Docetism: Belief that Jesus' physical body was an illusion, as was his crucifixion; that is, Jesus only seemed to have a physical body and to physically die, but in reality he was incorporeal, a pure spirit, and hence could not physically die. Tendencies existed in the 1st century, but it was most notably embraced by Gnostics in subsequent centuries. Docetism was rejected by the ecumenical councils and mainstream Christianity, and largely died out during the first millennium AD. Gnostic movements that survived past that time, such as Catharism, incorporated docetism into their beliefs, but such movements were destroyed by the Albigensian Crusade (1209–1229)
7. AD 300 Luciferians: Strongly anti-Arian sect in Sardinia, Arianism is a nontrinitarian Christological doctrine which asserts the belief that Jesus Christ is the Son of God who was begotten by God the Father at a point in time, a creature distinct from the Father and is therefore subordinate to him, but the Son is also God. Arian teachings were first attributed to Arius, a Christian presbyter in Alexandria of Egypt. The teachings of Arius and his supporters were opposed to the theological views held by Homoousian Christians, regarding the nature of the Trinity and the nature of Christ. The Arian concept of Christ is based on the belief that the Son of God did not always exist but was begotten by God the Father.
Founded by Lucifer Calaritanus a bishop of Cagliari. Deemed heretical by Jerome in his Altercatio Luciferiani et orthodoxi
8. AD 300 Macedonians or Pneumatomachians "Spirit fighters”: While accepting the divinity of Jesus Christ as affirmed at Nicea in 325, they denied that of the Holy Spirit which they saw as a creation of the Son, and a servant of the Father and the Son. Allegedly founded in the 4th century by Bishop Macedonius I of Constantinople, Eustathius of Sebaste was their principal theologian. Opposed by the Cappadocian Fathers and condemned at the First Council of Constantinople.
9. AD 800 Melchisedechians: Considered Melchisedech an incarnation of the Logos (divine Word) and identified him with the Holy Ghost. Refuted by Marcus Eremita in his book Eis ton Melchisedek "Against the Melchisedekites”. It is uncertain whether the sect survived beyond the 9th century. They were probably scattered across Anatolia and the Balkans following the destruction of Tephrike.
10. AD 200 Monarchianism: An overemphasis on the indivisibility of God (the Father) at the expense of the other "persons" of the Trinity leading to either Sabellianism (Modalism) or to Adoptionism.
11. AD 400 Monophysitism or Eutychianism: Belief that Christ's divinity dominates and overwhelms his humanity, as opposed to the Chalcedonian position which holds that Christ has two natures, one divine and one human or the Miaphysite position which holds that the human nature and pre-incarnate divine nature of Christ were united as one divine human nature from the point of the Incarnation onwards. After Nestorianism was rejected at the First Council of Ephesus, Eutyches emerged with diametrically opposite views. Eutyches was excommunicated in 448. Monophysitism and Eutyches were rejected at the Council of Chalcedon in 451. Monophysitism is also rejected by the Oriental Orthodox Churches.
12. AD 600 Monothelitism: Belief that Jesus Christ had two natures but only one will. This is contrary to the orthodox interpretation of Christology, which teaches that Jesus Christ has two wills (human and divine) corresponding to his two natures. Originated in Armenia and Syria in AD 633. Monothelitism was officially condemned at the Third Council of Constantinople (the Sixth Ecumenical Council, 680–681). The churches condemned at Constantinople include the Oriental Orthodox Syriac, Armenian, and Coptic churches as well as the Maronite church, although the latter now deny that they ever held the Monothelite view and are presently in full communion with the Bishop of Rome. Christians in England rejected the Monothelite position at the Council of Hatfield in 680.
(End Part 1)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_movements_declared_heretical_by_the_Catholic_Church
Yes their is a intelligent Christian point here, More to come . . . be patient.
Heresy has been a concern in Christian Church communities at least since the writing of the Second Epistle of Peter:
"Even as there shall be false teachers among you, who privily shall bring in damnable heresies, even denying the Lord that bought them" (2 Peter 2:1).
The Catholic Church makes a distinction between 'material' and 'formal' heresy.
a. Material heresy means in effect "holding erroneous doctrines through no fault of one's own" as occurs with people brought up in non-Catholic communities and "is neither a crime nor a sin" since the individual has never accepted the doctrine.
b. Formal heresy is "the willful and persistent adherence to an error in matters of faith" on the part of a baptised member of the Catholic Church. As such it is a grave sin and involves ipso facto excommunication. Here "matters of faith" means dogmas which have been proposed by the infallible magisterium of the Church[3] and, in addition to this intellectual error, "pertinacity in the will" in maintaining it in opposition to the teaching of the Church must be present.[4]
c. While individual branches of the Protestant Church have also used the concept in proceedings against individuals and groups deemed to be heretical by those branches, the lack of
a central doctrinal authority has meant that beliefs can often not be unanimously considered heretical from the Protestant perspective.
d. Likewise the Eastern Orthodox Church officially declares a heresy only at an ecumenical council, and currently accepts only the first seven Ecumenical Councils as ecumenical.
The following listing contains those opinions which were either explicitly condemned by Chalcedonian Christianity before 1054 or are of later origin but similar. Details of some modern opinions deemed to be heretical by the Catholic Church are listed in an appendix.
Trinitarian/Christological heresies.
The term Christology has two meanings in theology.
It can be used in the narrow sense of the question as to how the divine and human are related in the person of Jesus Christ, or alternatively of the overall study of his life and work.
Here it is used in the restricted, narrow sense.
The orthodox teaching concerning the Trinity, as finally developed and formally agreed at Constantinople in 381,
Is that God the Father, God the Son, and the Holy Spirit were all strictly one being in three hypostases, misleadingly translated as “persons".
The christological question then arose as to how Jesus Christ could be both divine and human.
This was formally resolved after much debate by the Ecumenical Councils of 431, 451 and 680 (Ephesus, Chalcedon & Constantinople III).
Here is a list of movements declared heretical in the Early Catholic Church:
1. AD 190 Adoptionism: Theodotus of Byzantium, Belief that Jesus was born as a mere (non-divine) man, was supremely virtuous and that he was adopted later as "Son of God" by the descent of the Spirit on him. Excommunicated by Pope Victor and Paul was condemned by the Synod of Antioch in 268 A.D.
2. AD 390 Apollinarism: Belief that Jesus had a human body and lower soul (the seat of the emotions) but a divine mind. Apollinaris further taught that the souls of men were propagated by other souls, as well as their bodies. Declared to be a heresy in 381 by the First Council of Constantinople.
3. AD 200 Arabici: Belief that the soul perished with the body, and that both would be revived on Judgement Day. Reconciled to the main body of the Church after a council in 250 led by Origen.
4. AD 250–336 Arianism: Denial of the true divinity of Jesus Christ taking various specific forms, but all agreed that Jesus Christ was created by the Father, that he had a beginning in time, and that the title "Son of God" was a courtesy one. The doctrine is associated with Arius who lived and taught in Alexandria, Egypt. Arius was first pronounced a heretic at the First Council of Nicea, he was later exonerated as a result of imperial pressure and finally declared a heretic after his death. The heresy was finally resolved in 381 by the First Council of Constantinople.
5. AD 320 – 403 Collyridianism: Belief that the Trinity consists of the Father, Son, and Mary and that the son is a result of marital union between the other two. The existence of the sect is subject to some dispute due to the lack of historical evidence aside from the writings of Epiphanius.
6. AD 50-100 Docetism: Belief that Jesus' physical body was an illusion, as was his crucifixion; that is, Jesus only seemed to have a physical body and to physically die, but in reality he was incorporeal, a pure spirit, and hence could not physically die. Tendencies existed in the 1st century, but it was most notably embraced by Gnostics in subsequent centuries. Docetism was rejected by the ecumenical councils and mainstream Christianity, and largely died out during the first millennium AD. Gnostic movements that survived past that time, such as Catharism, incorporated docetism into their beliefs, but such movements were destroyed by the Albigensian Crusade (1209–1229)
7. AD 300 Luciferians: Strongly anti-Arian sect in Sardinia, Arianism is a nontrinitarian Christological doctrine which asserts the belief that Jesus Christ is the Son of God who was begotten by God the Father at a point in time, a creature distinct from the Father and is therefore subordinate to him, but the Son is also God. Arian teachings were first attributed to Arius, a Christian presbyter in Alexandria of Egypt. The teachings of Arius and his supporters were opposed to the theological views held by Homoousian Christians, regarding the nature of the Trinity and the nature of Christ. The Arian concept of Christ is based on the belief that the Son of God did not always exist but was begotten by God the Father.
Founded by Lucifer Calaritanus a bishop of Cagliari. Deemed heretical by Jerome in his Altercatio Luciferiani et orthodoxi
8. AD 300 Macedonians or Pneumatomachians "Spirit fighters”: While accepting the divinity of Jesus Christ as affirmed at Nicea in 325, they denied that of the Holy Spirit which they saw as a creation of the Son, and a servant of the Father and the Son. Allegedly founded in the 4th century by Bishop Macedonius I of Constantinople, Eustathius of Sebaste was their principal theologian. Opposed by the Cappadocian Fathers and condemned at the First Council of Constantinople.
9. AD 800 Melchisedechians: Considered Melchisedech an incarnation of the Logos (divine Word) and identified him with the Holy Ghost. Refuted by Marcus Eremita in his book Eis ton Melchisedek "Against the Melchisedekites”. It is uncertain whether the sect survived beyond the 9th century. They were probably scattered across Anatolia and the Balkans following the destruction of Tephrike.
10. AD 200 Monarchianism: An overemphasis on the indivisibility of God (the Father) at the expense of the other "persons" of the Trinity leading to either Sabellianism (Modalism) or to Adoptionism.
11. AD 400 Monophysitism or Eutychianism: Belief that Christ's divinity dominates and overwhelms his humanity, as opposed to the Chalcedonian position which holds that Christ has two natures, one divine and one human or the Miaphysite position which holds that the human nature and pre-incarnate divine nature of Christ were united as one divine human nature from the point of the Incarnation onwards. After Nestorianism was rejected at the First Council of Ephesus, Eutyches emerged with diametrically opposite views. Eutyches was excommunicated in 448. Monophysitism and Eutyches were rejected at the Council of Chalcedon in 451. Monophysitism is also rejected by the Oriental Orthodox Churches.
12. AD 600 Monothelitism: Belief that Jesus Christ had two natures but only one will. This is contrary to the orthodox interpretation of Christology, which teaches that Jesus Christ has two wills (human and divine) corresponding to his two natures. Originated in Armenia and Syria in AD 633. Monothelitism was officially condemned at the Third Council of Constantinople (the Sixth Ecumenical Council, 680–681). The churches condemned at Constantinople include the Oriental Orthodox Syriac, Armenian, and Coptic churches as well as the Maronite church, although the latter now deny that they ever held the Monothelite view and are presently in full communion with the Bishop of Rome. Christians in England rejected the Monothelite position at the Council of Hatfield in 680.
(End Part 1)
Sep 5, 2018 04:17:41 #
09/03/2018 List of 45 heretical movements declared heretical by the Catholic Church (Part 2)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_movements_declared_heretical_by_the_Catholic_Church
Yes their is a intelligent Christian point here, More to come . . . be patient.
13. AD 431 Nestorianism: Belief that Jesus Christ was a natural union between the Flesh and the Word, thus not identical, to the divine Son of God. Advanced by Nestorius (386–450), Patriarch of Constantinople from 428–431. The doctrine was informed by Nestorius' studies under Theodore of Mopsuestia at the School of Antioch. Condemned at the First Council of Ephesus in 431 and the Council of Chalcedon in 451, leading to the Nestorian Schism. Nestorius rejected the title Theotokos for the Virgin Mary, and proposed Christotokos as more suitable. Many of Nestorius' supporters relocated to Sassanid Persia, where they affiliated with the local Christian community, known as the Church of the East. Over the next decades the Church of the East became increasingly Nestorian in doctrine, leading it to be known alternately as the Nestorian Church.
14. AD 190 Patripassianism: Belief that the Father and Son are not two distinct persons, and thus God the Father suffered on the cross as Jesus. similar to Sabellianism
15. AD 325 Psilanthropism: Belief that Jesus is "merely human": either that he never became divine, or that he never existed prior to his incarnation as a man. Rejected by the ecumenical councils, especially in the First Council of Nicaea, which was convened to deal directly with the nature of Christ's divinity.
16. AD 190 Sabellianism: Belief that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are three characterizations of one God, rather than three distinct "persons" in one God. First formally stated by Noetus of Smyrna c. 190, refined by Sabellius c. 210 who applied the names merely to different roles of God in the history and economy of salvation. Noetus was condemned by the presbyters of Smyrna. Tertullian wrote Adversus Praxeam against this tendency and Sabellius was condemned by Pope Callistus.
17. AD 100. Tritheism: Belief that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are three independent and distinct divine beings as opposed to three persons of one being and one essence.
18. AD 100 to 1900 Gnosticism: Gnosticism refers to a diverse, syncretistic religious movement consisting of various belief systems generally united in the teaching that humans are divine souls trapped in a material world created by an imperfect god, the demiurge, who is frequently identified with the Abrahamic God. Gnosticism is a rejection (sometimes from an ascetic perspective) and vilification of the human body and of the material world or cosmos. Gnosticism teaches duality in Material (Matter) versus Spiritual or Body (evil) versus Soul (good). Gnosticism teaches that the natural or material world will and should be destroyed (total annihilation) by the true spiritual God in order to free mankind from the reign of the false God or Demiurge.
A common misperception is caused by the fact that, in the past, "Gnostic" had a similar meaning to current usage of the word mystic. There were some Orthodox Christians who as mystics (in the modern sense) taught gnosis (Knowledge of the God or the Good) who could be called gnostics in a positive sense (e.g. Diadochos of Photiki).
Whereas formerly Gnosticism was considered mostly a corruption of Christianity, it now seems clear that traces of Gnostic systems can be discerned some centuries before the Christian Era.[15] Gnosticism may have been earlier than the 1st century, thus predating Jesus Christ.
It spread through the Mediterranean and Middle East before and during the 2nd and 3rd centuries, becoming a dualistic heresy to Judaism (see Notzrim), Christianity and Hellenic philosophy in areas controlled by the Roman Empire and Arian Goths (see Huneric), and the Persian Empire.
Conversion to Islam and the Albigensian Crusade (1209–1229) greatly reduced the remaining number of Gnostics throughout the Middle Ages, though a few isolated communities continue to exist to the present.
Gnostic ideas became influential in the philosophies of various esoteric mystical movements of the late 19th and 20th centuries in Europe and North America, including some that explicitly identify themselves as revivals or even continuations of earlier gnostic groups.
Their are over 91 different Gnostic sects to our present modern time. List of Gnostic sects: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Gnostic_sects
19. AD 210–276 Manichaeism: Major dualistic religion stating that good and evil are equally powerful, and that material things are evil. Founded by Mani. Condemned by Emperor Theodosius I decree in 382.
20. AD 843 Paulicianism: A Gnostic and dualistic sect. The founder of the sect is said to have been an Armenian by the name of Constantine,nwho hailed from Mananalis, a community near Samosata. Repressed by order of Empress Theodora II in 843.
21. AD 380 Priscillianism: A Gnostic and Manichaean sect. Founded in the 4th century by Priscillian, derived from the Gnostic-Manichaean doctrines taught by Marcus. Priscillian was put to death by the emperor Gratian for the crime of magic. Condemned by synod of Zaragoza in 380.
22. AD 100 Naassenes: The Naassenes claimed to have been taught their doctrines by Mariamne, a disciple of James the Just. Dealt as heresy by Hippolytus of Rome.
23. AD 100 Sethian: Belief that the snake in the Garden of Eden (Satan) was an agent of the true God and brought knowledge of truth to man via the fall of man. Syrian sect drawing their origin from the Ophites. Dealt as heresy by Irenaeus, Hippolytus, and Philaster. Sect is founded around the Apocalypse of Adam. The Apocalypse of Adam, discovered at Nag Hammadi, is a Sethian tractate of Apocalyptic literature dating to the first to second century AD. Sect is founded around the Apocalypse of Adam.
24. AD 200 Ophites: Belief that the serpent who tempted Adam and Eve was a hero, and that the God who forbade Adam and Eve to eat from the tree of knowledge is the enemy. Dealt as heresy by Hippolytus of Rome.
27. AD 100 Valentianism: A Gnostic and dualistic sect. Gnostic sect was founded by Ex-Catholic Bishop Valentinus. Considered heresy by Irenaeus and Epiphanius of Salamis.
(End Part 2)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_movements_declared_heretical_by_the_Catholic_Church
Yes their is a intelligent Christian point here, More to come . . . be patient.
13. AD 431 Nestorianism: Belief that Jesus Christ was a natural union between the Flesh and the Word, thus not identical, to the divine Son of God. Advanced by Nestorius (386–450), Patriarch of Constantinople from 428–431. The doctrine was informed by Nestorius' studies under Theodore of Mopsuestia at the School of Antioch. Condemned at the First Council of Ephesus in 431 and the Council of Chalcedon in 451, leading to the Nestorian Schism. Nestorius rejected the title Theotokos for the Virgin Mary, and proposed Christotokos as more suitable. Many of Nestorius' supporters relocated to Sassanid Persia, where they affiliated with the local Christian community, known as the Church of the East. Over the next decades the Church of the East became increasingly Nestorian in doctrine, leading it to be known alternately as the Nestorian Church.
14. AD 190 Patripassianism: Belief that the Father and Son are not two distinct persons, and thus God the Father suffered on the cross as Jesus. similar to Sabellianism
15. AD 325 Psilanthropism: Belief that Jesus is "merely human": either that he never became divine, or that he never existed prior to his incarnation as a man. Rejected by the ecumenical councils, especially in the First Council of Nicaea, which was convened to deal directly with the nature of Christ's divinity.
16. AD 190 Sabellianism: Belief that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are three characterizations of one God, rather than three distinct "persons" in one God. First formally stated by Noetus of Smyrna c. 190, refined by Sabellius c. 210 who applied the names merely to different roles of God in the history and economy of salvation. Noetus was condemned by the presbyters of Smyrna. Tertullian wrote Adversus Praxeam against this tendency and Sabellius was condemned by Pope Callistus.
17. AD 100. Tritheism: Belief that the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are three independent and distinct divine beings as opposed to three persons of one being and one essence.
18. AD 100 to 1900 Gnosticism: Gnosticism refers to a diverse, syncretistic religious movement consisting of various belief systems generally united in the teaching that humans are divine souls trapped in a material world created by an imperfect god, the demiurge, who is frequently identified with the Abrahamic God. Gnosticism is a rejection (sometimes from an ascetic perspective) and vilification of the human body and of the material world or cosmos. Gnosticism teaches duality in Material (Matter) versus Spiritual or Body (evil) versus Soul (good). Gnosticism teaches that the natural or material world will and should be destroyed (total annihilation) by the true spiritual God in order to free mankind from the reign of the false God or Demiurge.
A common misperception is caused by the fact that, in the past, "Gnostic" had a similar meaning to current usage of the word mystic. There were some Orthodox Christians who as mystics (in the modern sense) taught gnosis (Knowledge of the God or the Good) who could be called gnostics in a positive sense (e.g. Diadochos of Photiki).
Whereas formerly Gnosticism was considered mostly a corruption of Christianity, it now seems clear that traces of Gnostic systems can be discerned some centuries before the Christian Era.[15] Gnosticism may have been earlier than the 1st century, thus predating Jesus Christ.
It spread through the Mediterranean and Middle East before and during the 2nd and 3rd centuries, becoming a dualistic heresy to Judaism (see Notzrim), Christianity and Hellenic philosophy in areas controlled by the Roman Empire and Arian Goths (see Huneric), and the Persian Empire.
Conversion to Islam and the Albigensian Crusade (1209–1229) greatly reduced the remaining number of Gnostics throughout the Middle Ages, though a few isolated communities continue to exist to the present.
Gnostic ideas became influential in the philosophies of various esoteric mystical movements of the late 19th and 20th centuries in Europe and North America, including some that explicitly identify themselves as revivals or even continuations of earlier gnostic groups.
Their are over 91 different Gnostic sects to our present modern time. List of Gnostic sects: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Gnostic_sects
19. AD 210–276 Manichaeism: Major dualistic religion stating that good and evil are equally powerful, and that material things are evil. Founded by Mani. Condemned by Emperor Theodosius I decree in 382.
20. AD 843 Paulicianism: A Gnostic and dualistic sect. The founder of the sect is said to have been an Armenian by the name of Constantine,nwho hailed from Mananalis, a community near Samosata. Repressed by order of Empress Theodora II in 843.
21. AD 380 Priscillianism: A Gnostic and Manichaean sect. Founded in the 4th century by Priscillian, derived from the Gnostic-Manichaean doctrines taught by Marcus. Priscillian was put to death by the emperor Gratian for the crime of magic. Condemned by synod of Zaragoza in 380.
22. AD 100 Naassenes: The Naassenes claimed to have been taught their doctrines by Mariamne, a disciple of James the Just. Dealt as heresy by Hippolytus of Rome.
23. AD 100 Sethian: Belief that the snake in the Garden of Eden (Satan) was an agent of the true God and brought knowledge of truth to man via the fall of man. Syrian sect drawing their origin from the Ophites. Dealt as heresy by Irenaeus, Hippolytus, and Philaster. Sect is founded around the Apocalypse of Adam. The Apocalypse of Adam, discovered at Nag Hammadi, is a Sethian tractate of Apocalyptic literature dating to the first to second century AD. Sect is founded around the Apocalypse of Adam.
24. AD 200 Ophites: Belief that the serpent who tempted Adam and Eve was a hero, and that the God who forbade Adam and Eve to eat from the tree of knowledge is the enemy. Dealt as heresy by Hippolytus of Rome.
27. AD 100 Valentianism: A Gnostic and dualistic sect. Gnostic sect was founded by Ex-Catholic Bishop Valentinus. Considered heresy by Irenaeus and Epiphanius of Salamis.
(End Part 2)
Sep 5, 2018 04:25:22 #
09/03/2018 List of 45 heretical movements declared heretical by the Catholic Church (Part 3)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_movements_declared_heretical_by_the_Catholic_Church
Yes their is a intelligent Christian point here, More to come . . . be patient.
Other Early Church heresies:
28. AD 300 Audianism: Belief that God has human form anthropomorphism and that one ought to celebrate Jesus' death during the Jewish Passover (quartodecimanism). Named after the leader of the sect, Audius (or Audaeus), a Syrian who lived in the 4th century. The First Council of Nicaea condemned quartodecimanism in 325. Cyril of Alexandria condemned anthropomorphism at his Adversus Anthropomorphites.
29. AD 800 Barallot: Were a sect, deemed heretical, at Bologna in Italy, who had all things in common, even their wives and children. They gave so readily into all manner of sensual pleasures, that they were also termed Compilers.
30. AD 350. The Circumcellions or Agonistici were bands of Berber Christian extremists in North Africa in the early to mid-4th century. They were considered heretical by the Catholic Church. They were initially concerned with remedying social grievances, but they became linked with the Donatist sect. They condemned property and slavery, and advocated free love, canceling debt, and freeing slaves. Donatists prized martyrdom and had a special devotion for the martyrs, rendering honours to their graves.
31. AD 400 Donatism: (often spoken of as a "schism" rather than a “heresy" Donatists were rigorists, holding that the church must be a church of saints, not sinners, and that sacraments administered by traditores were invalid. They also regarded martyrdom as the supreme Christian virtue and regarded those that actively sought martyrdom as saints. Named for their second leader Donatus Magnus. Condemned by Pope Melchiades
32. AD 100 Ebionites: A Jewish sect that insisted on the necessity of following Jewish law and rites,which they interpreted in light of Jesus' expounding of the Law. They regarded Jesus as the Messiah but not as divine. The term Ebionites derives from the Hebrew אביונים Evionim, meaning "the Poor Ones” Justin Martyr considered them heretical at Dialogue with Trypho the Jew chapter xlvii
33. AD 376 Euchites-Messalians: Belief that The essence (ousia) of the Trinity could be perceived by the carnal senses. The Threefold God transformed himself into a single hypostasis (substance) in order to unite with the souls of the perfect. God has taken different forms in order to reveal himself to the senses. Only such sensible revelations of God confer perfection upon the Christian. The state of perfection, freedom from the world and passion, is attained solely by prayer, not through the church or sacraments. "Euchites" means "Those who pray” Originating in Mesopotamia, they spread to Asia Minor and Thrace. Bishop Flavian of Antioch condemned them about 376
34. AD 726 Iconoclasm: The belief that icons are idols and should be destroyed. From late in the seventh century onwards some parts of the Greek Church reacted against the veneration of icons. In 726 the Emperor Leo III ordered the destruction of all icons and persecuted those who refused. The policy continued under his successors till about 780. Later Leo V launched a second attempt which continued till the death of the emperor Theophilus in 842. Condemned by Nicea II in 787 which regulated the veneration
35. AD 144 Marcionism: An Early Christian dualist belief system. Marcion affirmed Jesus Christ as the savior sent by God and Paul as his chief apostle, but he rejected the Hebrew Bible and the Hebrew God. Marcionists believed that the wrathful Hebrew God was a separate and lower entity than the all-forgiving God of the New Testament. This belief was in some ways similar to Gnostic Christian theology, but in other ways different. Originates in the teachings of Marcion of Sinope at Rome around the year 144. Many early apologists, such as Tertullian on his Adversus Marcionem (year 207) condemned Marcionism.
36. AD 177 Montanism: The beliefs of Montanism contrasted with orthodox Christianity in the following ways. The belief that the prophecies of the Montanists superseded and fulfilled the doctrines proclaimed by the Apostles. The encouragement of ecstatic prophesying. The view that Christians who fell from grace could not be redeemed. A stronger emphasis on the avoidance of sin and church discipline, emphasizing chastity, including forbidding remarriage. Some of the Montanists were also "Quartodeciman. Named for its founder Montanus, Montanism originated at Hierapolis. It spread rapidly to other regions in the Roman Empire during the period before Christianity was generally tolerated or legal. The churches of Asia Minor excommunicated Montanists. Around 177, Apollinarius, Bishop of Hierapolis, presided over a synod which condemned the New Prophecy. The leaders of the churches of Lyon and Vienne in Gaul responded to the New Prophecy in 177.
37. AD 354 Pelagianism: Belief that original sin did not taint human nature and that mortal will is still capable of choosing good or evil without Divine aid. Named after Pelagius (354–420/440). The theology was later developed by C(a)elestius and Julian of Eclanum into a complete system. and refuted by Augustine of Hippo (who had for a time (385–395) held similar opinions) but his final position never gained general acceptance in the East. Pelagianism was attacked in the Council of Diospolis and condemned in 418 at the Council of Carthage and the decision confirmed at the Council of Ephesus in 431.
38. AD 529 Semipelagianism: A rejection of Pelagianism which held that Augustine had gone too far to the other extreme and taught that grace aided free-will rather than replacing it. Such views were advanced by Prosper and Hilary of Aquitaine, John Cassian and Vincent of Lérins in the west. Condemned by the Council of Orange in 529 which slightly weakened some of Augustine's more extreme statements.
Medieval Heresies:
39. AD 927 Bogomils: A Gnostic dualistic sect that was both Adoptionist and Manichaean. Their beliefs were a synthesis of Armenian Paulicianism and the Bulgarian Slavonic Church reform movement. Emerged in Bulgaria between 927 and 970 and spread into the Byzantine Empire, Serbia, Bosnia, Italy and France.
49. AD 1000 Catharism: Catharism had its roots in the Paulician movement in Armenia and the Bogomils of Bulgaria, with a strong dualist influence against the physical world, regarded as evil, thus denied that Jesus could become incarnate and still be the son of God. First appeared in the Languedoc region of France in the 11th century and flourished in the 12th and 13th centuries. Catharism had its roots in the Paulicians and the Bogomils with whom the Paulicians merged.
41. AD 1431 Free Spirit: Mixed mystical beliefs with Christianity. Its practitioners believed that it was possible to reach perfection on earth through a life of austerity and spiritualism. They believed that they could communicate directly with God and did not need the Christian church for intercession. Condemned at the Council of Basel in 1431
42. AD 1296 Fraticelli: Extreme proponents of the rule of Saint Francis of Assisi, especially with regard to poverty, and regarded the wealth of the Church as scandalous, and that of individual churchmen as invalidating their status. Appeared in the 14th and 15th centuries, principally in Italy.
Declared heretical by the Church in 1296 by Boniface VIII.
43. AD 1146 Henricians: According to Peter of Cluny, Henry's teaching is summed up as follows: Rejection of the doctrinal and disciplinary authority of the church; Recognition of the Gospel freely interpreted as the sole rule of faith; Refusal to recognize any form of worship or liturgy; and Condemnation of the baptism of infants, the Eucharist, the sacrifice of the Mass, the communion of saints, and prayers for the dead. Henry of Lausanne lived in France in the first half of the 12th century. His preaching began around 1116 and he died imprisoned around 1148. In a letter written at the end of 1146, St Bernard calls upon the people of Toulouse to extirpate the last remnants of the heresy.
44. AD 1198 Triclavianism: Belief that three, rather than four nails were used to crucify Christ and that a Roman soldier pierced him with a spear on the left, rather than right side. Attributed to Albigenses and Waldenses. Supposedly condemned by Pope Innocent III, but most likely never actually considered a heresy by said Pope.
45. AD 1177 Waldensians: A spiritual movement of the later Middle Ages. Begun by Peter Waldo, a wealthy merchant who decided to give up all his worldly possessions and began to preach on the streets of Lyon in 1177. Condemned by papal bull Ad abolendam.
(End Part 3)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_movements_declared_heretical_by_the_Catholic_Church
Yes their is a intelligent Christian point here, More to come . . . be patient.
Other Early Church heresies:
28. AD 300 Audianism: Belief that God has human form anthropomorphism and that one ought to celebrate Jesus' death during the Jewish Passover (quartodecimanism). Named after the leader of the sect, Audius (or Audaeus), a Syrian who lived in the 4th century. The First Council of Nicaea condemned quartodecimanism in 325. Cyril of Alexandria condemned anthropomorphism at his Adversus Anthropomorphites.
29. AD 800 Barallot: Were a sect, deemed heretical, at Bologna in Italy, who had all things in common, even their wives and children. They gave so readily into all manner of sensual pleasures, that they were also termed Compilers.
30. AD 350. The Circumcellions or Agonistici were bands of Berber Christian extremists in North Africa in the early to mid-4th century. They were considered heretical by the Catholic Church. They were initially concerned with remedying social grievances, but they became linked with the Donatist sect. They condemned property and slavery, and advocated free love, canceling debt, and freeing slaves. Donatists prized martyrdom and had a special devotion for the martyrs, rendering honours to their graves.
31. AD 400 Donatism: (often spoken of as a "schism" rather than a “heresy" Donatists were rigorists, holding that the church must be a church of saints, not sinners, and that sacraments administered by traditores were invalid. They also regarded martyrdom as the supreme Christian virtue and regarded those that actively sought martyrdom as saints. Named for their second leader Donatus Magnus. Condemned by Pope Melchiades
32. AD 100 Ebionites: A Jewish sect that insisted on the necessity of following Jewish law and rites,which they interpreted in light of Jesus' expounding of the Law. They regarded Jesus as the Messiah but not as divine. The term Ebionites derives from the Hebrew אביונים Evionim, meaning "the Poor Ones” Justin Martyr considered them heretical at Dialogue with Trypho the Jew chapter xlvii
33. AD 376 Euchites-Messalians: Belief that The essence (ousia) of the Trinity could be perceived by the carnal senses. The Threefold God transformed himself into a single hypostasis (substance) in order to unite with the souls of the perfect. God has taken different forms in order to reveal himself to the senses. Only such sensible revelations of God confer perfection upon the Christian. The state of perfection, freedom from the world and passion, is attained solely by prayer, not through the church or sacraments. "Euchites" means "Those who pray” Originating in Mesopotamia, they spread to Asia Minor and Thrace. Bishop Flavian of Antioch condemned them about 376
34. AD 726 Iconoclasm: The belief that icons are idols and should be destroyed. From late in the seventh century onwards some parts of the Greek Church reacted against the veneration of icons. In 726 the Emperor Leo III ordered the destruction of all icons and persecuted those who refused. The policy continued under his successors till about 780. Later Leo V launched a second attempt which continued till the death of the emperor Theophilus in 842. Condemned by Nicea II in 787 which regulated the veneration
35. AD 144 Marcionism: An Early Christian dualist belief system. Marcion affirmed Jesus Christ as the savior sent by God and Paul as his chief apostle, but he rejected the Hebrew Bible and the Hebrew God. Marcionists believed that the wrathful Hebrew God was a separate and lower entity than the all-forgiving God of the New Testament. This belief was in some ways similar to Gnostic Christian theology, but in other ways different. Originates in the teachings of Marcion of Sinope at Rome around the year 144. Many early apologists, such as Tertullian on his Adversus Marcionem (year 207) condemned Marcionism.
36. AD 177 Montanism: The beliefs of Montanism contrasted with orthodox Christianity in the following ways. The belief that the prophecies of the Montanists superseded and fulfilled the doctrines proclaimed by the Apostles. The encouragement of ecstatic prophesying. The view that Christians who fell from grace could not be redeemed. A stronger emphasis on the avoidance of sin and church discipline, emphasizing chastity, including forbidding remarriage. Some of the Montanists were also "Quartodeciman. Named for its founder Montanus, Montanism originated at Hierapolis. It spread rapidly to other regions in the Roman Empire during the period before Christianity was generally tolerated or legal. The churches of Asia Minor excommunicated Montanists. Around 177, Apollinarius, Bishop of Hierapolis, presided over a synod which condemned the New Prophecy. The leaders of the churches of Lyon and Vienne in Gaul responded to the New Prophecy in 177.
37. AD 354 Pelagianism: Belief that original sin did not taint human nature and that mortal will is still capable of choosing good or evil without Divine aid. Named after Pelagius (354–420/440). The theology was later developed by C(a)elestius and Julian of Eclanum into a complete system. and refuted by Augustine of Hippo (who had for a time (385–395) held similar opinions) but his final position never gained general acceptance in the East. Pelagianism was attacked in the Council of Diospolis and condemned in 418 at the Council of Carthage and the decision confirmed at the Council of Ephesus in 431.
38. AD 529 Semipelagianism: A rejection of Pelagianism which held that Augustine had gone too far to the other extreme and taught that grace aided free-will rather than replacing it. Such views were advanced by Prosper and Hilary of Aquitaine, John Cassian and Vincent of Lérins in the west. Condemned by the Council of Orange in 529 which slightly weakened some of Augustine's more extreme statements.
Medieval Heresies:
39. AD 927 Bogomils: A Gnostic dualistic sect that was both Adoptionist and Manichaean. Their beliefs were a synthesis of Armenian Paulicianism and the Bulgarian Slavonic Church reform movement. Emerged in Bulgaria between 927 and 970 and spread into the Byzantine Empire, Serbia, Bosnia, Italy and France.
49. AD 1000 Catharism: Catharism had its roots in the Paulician movement in Armenia and the Bogomils of Bulgaria, with a strong dualist influence against the physical world, regarded as evil, thus denied that Jesus could become incarnate and still be the son of God. First appeared in the Languedoc region of France in the 11th century and flourished in the 12th and 13th centuries. Catharism had its roots in the Paulicians and the Bogomils with whom the Paulicians merged.
41. AD 1431 Free Spirit: Mixed mystical beliefs with Christianity. Its practitioners believed that it was possible to reach perfection on earth through a life of austerity and spiritualism. They believed that they could communicate directly with God and did not need the Christian church for intercession. Condemned at the Council of Basel in 1431
42. AD 1296 Fraticelli: Extreme proponents of the rule of Saint Francis of Assisi, especially with regard to poverty, and regarded the wealth of the Church as scandalous, and that of individual churchmen as invalidating their status. Appeared in the 14th and 15th centuries, principally in Italy.
Declared heretical by the Church in 1296 by Boniface VIII.
43. AD 1146 Henricians: According to Peter of Cluny, Henry's teaching is summed up as follows: Rejection of the doctrinal and disciplinary authority of the church; Recognition of the Gospel freely interpreted as the sole rule of faith; Refusal to recognize any form of worship or liturgy; and Condemnation of the baptism of infants, the Eucharist, the sacrifice of the Mass, the communion of saints, and prayers for the dead. Henry of Lausanne lived in France in the first half of the 12th century. His preaching began around 1116 and he died imprisoned around 1148. In a letter written at the end of 1146, St Bernard calls upon the people of Toulouse to extirpate the last remnants of the heresy.
44. AD 1198 Triclavianism: Belief that three, rather than four nails were used to crucify Christ and that a Roman soldier pierced him with a spear on the left, rather than right side. Attributed to Albigenses and Waldenses. Supposedly condemned by Pope Innocent III, but most likely never actually considered a heresy by said Pope.
45. AD 1177 Waldensians: A spiritual movement of the later Middle Ages. Begun by Peter Waldo, a wealthy merchant who decided to give up all his worldly possessions and began to preach on the streets of Lyon in 1177. Condemned by papal bull Ad abolendam.
(End Part 3)
Sep 5, 2018 11:57:24 #
Doc110 wrote:
09/03/2018 List of 45 heretical movements declared... (show quote)
Marvelous summary of Heresies. The only one I have studied to any extent was Bogomil-Catharism, although I was vaguerly familiar with the others.
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