MarvinSussman wrote:
Incoherent drivel. This is the real story of class warfare:
Think of the US economy as a wash bowl with water serving as money. Imagine three sets of faucets and corresponding drains representing different ways that money enters and exits the economy. The analogy will show how control of the money flow can attain and maintain a prosperous economy while avoiding severe inequality.
WATER LEVELS
When the level of water is near the bottom, the economy is in a deflationary spiral. Who would spend a dollar today if it would buy more tomorrow? We have a depression with a 25% unemployment rate and low GDP.
When the level is higher but still below the half mark, the economy hovers between deflation and inflation. We have a recession with 10% unemployment and little GDP growth.
When the level is slightly above the half mark, the economy is in the range of 1% to 2% inflation. We have a precarious economy with a 7% unemployment rate. Its the January, 2014 US economy with a slowly rising GDP.
When the level is at a point not too close to the brim of the bowl, money is easily available. We have reached our 2% inflation goal and the unemployment rate is down to 4%. GDP is growing at a 3% rate. Prosperity at last!
When the level is close to the brim, a lack of slack causes shortages and too much money starts to chase too few goods. Harmful inflation rises above 3% and the unemployment rate drops below 4%. Fed! Raise the interest rates!
Closer to the brim, the economy may become unstable due to an increased velocity of money (transactions per week at a given water level) making GDP and prices climb. Imagine how bad it gets when the bowl overflows!
Of course, we want the economy to attain and maintain the prosperity level. To attain that level, we have to manage the flows. To maintain that level, we have to micro-manage the flows.
WATER
The transfer of funds among owners does not affect the level of water in the bowl. However, severe inequality of wealth takes a large portion of the money supply out of economic service and lowers the effective water level. Also, excessive private debt implies that creditors also sequester funds, lowering the effective water level.
The US Treasury offers several types of term-deposit accounts called treasuries, similar to a certificate of deposit or CD. Thus, US bonds are equivalent to savings accounts. Neither the amount of money contained in these accounts nor the transfer of funds between these accounts and other accounts affects the water level.
The Fed may also buy and sell treasuries in the market but must return 94% of its earnings to the Treasury. Neither the amount of funds in the Feds account nor the transfer of funds between the Feds account and other accounts affects the level of water in the bowl but may change the interest rates of the treasuries at auctions.
FAUCETS AND DRAINS
The Bank-Loan faucet creates money out of thin air. Of course, these loans create debt, not savings, but the economy cant tell the difference. The corresponding drain is Loan-Repayment, where the money vanishes.
Can these bank-related flows be controlled to manage our economy? Effectively, the loans always add to the water level, the amount added increasing as the water level rises and the economy improves. Near the brim of the bowl, the contribution of bank lending is the main cause of inflation. Rather than the flows controlling the economy, the reverse is true. So we cant manage the economy by controlling these flows.
Another source of money is the Export-Receipts faucet. Import-Payment is the corresponding drain. A trade surplus would increase the water level. Unfortunately, our trade deficit is lowering the level.
Governments set trade policy but the transactions are made by millions of individuals everywhere acting in their own interest. Again, it is the relative state of the various economies that control the flows of trade rather than the reverse. So we cannot manage our economy by controlling trade.
The last faucet is Congressional-Spending. IRS-Revenue is the corresponding drain. There is no connection between the two. Just as you would destroy your redeemed IOU, the IRS destroys all its receipts, shredding bills and melting coins for scrap. Since Congress cant touch a cent of tax revenue, it creates fiat money out of thin air, just like the banks. In effect, Congress writes a check that the Treasury never bounces. If the annual expenditure exceeds the tax revenue, the Treasury matches the deficit with an auction of bonds (savings accounts).
Can the economy be managed by control of the IRS-Revenue drain? Tax wars are brutal. At most, we could set a stable flow rate at a reasonable level. So we cannot manage the economy by controlling the IRS-Revenue drain.
So, by exhaustion, we find that Congressional spending is the only means of controlling of the economy. Congress creates fiat currency at zero cost. The only rational restraint on its spending is the threat of HARMFUL inflation.
To ATTAIN prosperity, Congress can and must spend enough money on much-needed infrastructure.
To MAINTAIN prosperity, Congress can and must spend enough money on infrastructure while the Fed controls interest rates and the administration micro-manages the economy by careful scheduling of infrastructure projects.
To the extent that Congress spends more than that amount of money, Congress would cause harmful inflation.
To the extent that Congress spends less than that amount of money, Congress would cause unemployment.
To the extent that Congress allows the occurrence of unemployment rates that weaken the bargaining strength of labor and promote inequality, Congress would be wilfully malevolent.
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This essay was inspired by J.D.Alts e-book: Diagrams & Dollars (Amazon) and by the blog of
Dr. Stephanie Kelton, Chair of the UMKC Economics Department, at NewEconomicsPerspectives.org ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
© 2014 Marvin Sussman All Rights Reserved. Permission granted only to copy entirely.
Incoherent drivel. This is the real story of class... (
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Can you explain further the statement that says congress cannot touch tax revenue?