Jeremiah 31:31-34 ESV
“Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah, not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, my covenant that they broke, though I was their husband, declares the Lord. But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the Lord: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And no longer shall each one teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord,’ for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the Lord. For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”

As Moses was the one who led them out of Egypt, the New Covenant is to be different than Mosaic Law, according to Jeremiah. Reject all of Paul's comments on the New Covenant's form and intent, we are still left with the words of this ancient and approved prophet: "...I will make a new covenant..." What would be its nature?

Jesus said, "Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them." Fulfill how? By perfectly living the Law, which the Jews never did. Jesus fulfilled the contract, covenant, between God and his Chosen People. That deal was over, completed, like previous covenants in the Bible, such as the Adamic and Abrahimic. Effort and intent from the Mosaic Law was replaced by spirit and grace. To resist evil was now a sin in itself. The New Covenant is surrender, not resistance.