dongreen76 wrote:
His words to Zenlensky was" he wanted them to do him a favor,and that was to investigate Biden".Biden is his closes competitor so far as his retaining his presidency.So far as his committing High Crimes and misdemeanors are concerned,the founders specified of high crimes, whether they meant misdemeanors as crimes you can be certain they meant something for some kind of an affect, other wise they would not have mentioned it.At a minimum misdemeanors would have meant mischievousness.If you had read the debates as I recommended you do ,you would have noted they used the word mal -conduct,which would have meant disorderly conduct or conduct un-befitting and unbecoming a president. Keeping in mind what they were discussing ,and that was to determine the grounds in which a president should be removed from office;these would be known as articles of impeachment...Where in this countrys history does this country have a prerequisite that has to be met by a potential ally whom are requiring our assistance for helping them to become free and independent and expounding those concepts as we have been doing since the revolutionary war ,and ever since.We also had assistance without any prerequisites to be met,such as favors done for the assistors.(which by the way,we were supported by France,and Spain,whom at that time were powers of the world,and required nothing in return) now what part of that are you denying he did or did not do (the Zen,part or the Fa_ _ _ part.
His words to Zenlensky was" he wanted them to... (
show quote)
Forgive me for embarrassing you in a public forum, but it is apparent that you have not read the unclassified transcript of the 25 Jul phone call. Please run a web search and pick your media outlet which links or embeds the document. I have read it a number of times from CBS to Politico. My quotes are directly from the document, cross-referenced to ensure that there was no mistake on my part.
Second, George Mason's recommendation was to expand the impeachment clause to include "maladministration" not "mal-conduct". Here is his quote “Why is the [impeachment] provision restrained to treason and bribery?” He answered himself “extend the power of impeachments…to add maladministration.”
The three debaters at the Philadelphia Convention (May 1787); Madison, Mason, and Randolph agreed that an impeachable offense was "—that a president should be impeached for abuses of power that subvert the Constitution, the integrity of government, or the rule of law." These men used the Virginia Plan as the starting point, and in this plan the word "malpractice." Here is a link to the Virginia Plan
https://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=false&doc=7&page=transcriptAt least two founding fathers believed that the Impeachment Clause should be removed: Charles Pinckney of South Carolina and Gouverneur Morris of Pennsylvania. They argued: “[If the president] should be re-elected, that will be sufficient proof of his innocence,” Morris argued. “[Impeachment] will render the Executive dependent on those who are to impeach.”
These argument went back and forth until September when actual "offences" were named; treason and bribery. But, Mason was concerned that this was too limiting and he used the case of Warren Hastings the Governor of India's "crimes" to set the American standard. Hastings was accused of confiscating land and provoking a revolt in parts of India. Hastings’ trial by the House of Lords was pending while the American delegates were debating in Philadelphia. Mason argued to his fellow delegates that Hastings was accused of
abuses of power, not treason, and that the Constitution needed to guard against a president who might commit misdeeds like those alleged against Hastings. (Of note, The House of Lords acquitted Hastings in 1795.) So, now you have an idea of what Mason had in mind as an example of Abuse of Power.
Mason, at this point recommended "maladministration" and Madison objected "So vague a term will be equivalent to a tenure during pleasure of the Senate." In other words, Madison feared the Senate would use the word “maladministration” as an excuse to remove the president whenever it wanted. So Mason offered a substitute: “other high crimes and misdemeanors against the State.” The English Parliament had included a similarly worded phrase in its articles of impeachment since 1450. This compromise satisfied Madison and most of the other Convention delegates. They approved Mason’s amendment without further debate, 8 states to 3, but added “against the United States,” to avoid ambiguity. The qualifier "against the United States" sadly was omitted when the document was sent the convention’s Committee on Style and Revision, which was supposed to improve the draft Constitution’s language without changing its meaning. Without that phrase, which explained what constitutes “high crimes,” many Americans came to believe that “high crimes” literally meant only crimes identified in criminal law.
We will skip Jackson's impeachment and almost removal from office, escaping by 1 (one) vote because it has nothing to do with high crimes or misdemeanors against the USA, he was impeached but not convicted for firing a secretary. Instead, I will move forward to Watergate and Nixon.
The 1974 House Judiciary Committee put the British example favored by Mason to use during Nixon’s Watergate scandal. “High crimes and misdemeanors,” the committee’s staff report argued, originally referred to “damage to the state in such forms as misapplication of funds, abuse of official power, neglect of duty, encroachment on Parliament’s prerogatives, corruption, and betrayal of trust,” allegations that “were not necessarily limited to common law or statutory derelictions or crimes.”
Do notice, not one time did these gentlemen use the term "mal-conduct."
On to your next misunderstanding. The United States engages in quid pro quos all the time when it comes to foreign assistance. Our aid is not charity; Americans expect to get something in return for it.
We have leveraged U.S. assistance in exchange for a host of objectives: economic reform, democratic reform, better pursuit of corruption, access to strategically important areas and so on.
Here is a limited list of "conditional" aid:
In 1978, President Jimmy Carter agreed to provide Egypt with billions of dollars in foreign aid in exchange for making peace with Israel, as part of the Camp David Accords.
In 2004, President George W. Bush created the Millennium Challenge Account, which required countries to meet a host of eligibility requirements -- free speech, free assembly, rule of law, property rights, transparency -- before they could receive a grant of aid.
Central America, If you look at the appropriations bill that actually provided the president with the money to give assistance to Central America, there are 15 different reasons you might suspend the aid there.
And the Appropriations Bill for the Ukraine has a clause about eliminating or significant progress on eliminating "corruption in the government."
Simply put, the world has moved on from the simplicities of the 1700s.