Mary: Ark of the New Covenant (Biblical Evidences)
Dec 8, 2018 13:54:07 #
01/16/2016 Mary: Ark of the New Covenant (Biblical Evidences)
Dave Armstrong
https://www.patheos.com/blogs/davearmstrong/2016/01/mary-ark-of-the-new-covenant-biblical-evidences.html
https://www.patheos.com/blogs/davearmstrong/author/davearmstrong
Here are the actual biblical passages where this notion was drawn from (taken from the first draft of my upcoming book.
Bible Proofs for Catholic Truths:
www.patheos.com/blogs/davearmstrong/2009/03/books-by-dave-armstrong-biblical.html
Luke 1:35 (RSV)
And the angel said to her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be called holy, the Son of God.”
The Greek word for overshadow is episkiasei.
Which describes a bright, glorious cloud.
It is used with reference to the cloud of transfiguration of Jesus.
(Mt 17:5; Mk 9:7; Lk 9:34)
And also has a connection to the shekinah glory of God in the Old Testament.
(Ex 24:15-16; 40:34-38; 1 Ki 8:10).
Mary is, therefore, in effect, the new temple and holy of holies, where God was present in a special fashion.
In fact, Scripture draws many parallels between Mary, the “ark of the new covenant” and the ark of the (old) covenant:
Exodus 40:34-35
Then the cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.
And Moses was not able to enter the tent of meeting, because the cloud abode upon it, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.
The Greek Septuagint translation uses the same word, episkiasei, in this passage.
1 Kings 8:6-11
Then the priests brought the ark of the covenant of the LORD to its place, in the inner sanctuary of the house, in the most holy place, underneath the wings of the cherubim.
For the cherubim spread out their wings over the place of the ark, so that the cherubim made a covering above the ark and its poles.
And the poles were so long that the ends of the poles were seen from the holy place before the inner sanctuary;
But they could not be seen from outside;
And they are there to this day.
There was nothing in the ark except the two tables of stone which Moses put there at Horeb, where the LORD made a covenant with the people of Israel, when they came out of the land of Egypt.
And when the priests came out of the holy place, a cloud filled the house of the LORD, so that the priests could not stand to minister because of the cloud;
For the glory of the LORD filled the house of the LORD.
More direct parallels occur as well:
2 Samuel 6:9
And David was afraid of the LORD that day; and he said, “How can the ark of the LORD come to me?”
Luke 1:43
And why is this granted me, that the mother of my Lord should come to me?
* * *
2 Samuel 6:15
So David and all the house of Israel brought up the ark of the LORD with shouting, and with the sound of the horn.
Luke 1:42
And she exclaimed with a loud cry, “Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb!”
* * *
2 Samuel 6:14, 16
And David danced before the LORD with all his might; and David was girded with a linen ephod. . . . King David leaping and dancing before the LORD . . .
1 Chronicles 15:29
And as the ark of the covenant of the LORD came to the city of David, Michal the daughter of Saul looked out of the window, and saw King David dancing and making merry . . .
Luke 1:44
For behold, when the voice of your greeting came to my ears, the babe in my womb leaped for joy.
* * *
2 Samuel 6:10-11
So David was not willing to take the ark of the LORD into the city of David;
But David took it aside to the house of O’bed-e’dom the Gittite.
And the ark of the LORD remained in the house of O’bed-e’dom the Gittite three months . . .
Luke 1:39, 56
In those days Mary arose and went with haste into the hill country, to a city of Judah, . . .
And Mary remained with her about three months, and returned to her home.
Further reflection on “holy places” and “holy items” brings out the meaning of the striking parallel symbolism.
The Temple and Tabernacle were holy, and this was especially the case with the holy of holies, where the ark was kept. God was said to dwell above the ark, between the two cherubim.
(Ex 25:22)
The presence of God always imparted holiness (Duet 7:6; 26:19; Jer 2:3).
The furnishings of the Tabernacle could not be touched by anyone, save a few priests, on pain of death.
(Num 1:51-53; 2:17; 4:15)
This was true of the holiest things, associated with God and worship of God. The high priest only entered the holy of holies once a year, on the Day of Atonement.
(Num 29:8)
The Jews would tie a rope to his leg in case he perished from improper behavior.
(Lev 16:2, 13)
So they could pull him out.
This was true of the ark itself.
Uzziah merely reached out to steady it when it was toppling over, and was struck dead.
(2 Samuel 6:2-7)
Others died when they simply looked inside of it .
(1 Sam 6:19; cf. Ex 33:20)
This is how God regards people and even inanimate objects that are in close proximity to Him.
Thus, Mary, as the ark of the new covenant, Theotokos (“bearer of God”):
The one who had the sublime honor of carrying God incarnate in her womb, had to be exceptionally holy to do so.
* * * * *
See also related materials:
Ark of the New Covenant (Patrick Madrid: This Rock, Dec. 1991)
https://web.archive.org/web/20100328001924/http://www.catholic.com/thisrock/1991/9112fea1.asp
[all Internet Archive links]
https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.catholic.com/thisrock/1991/9112fea1.asp
The Blessed Virgin Mary (Scripture Catholic: see Section II)
www.scripturecatholic.com/blessed_virgin_mary.html
Mary, the Ark of the New Covenant (Steve Ray: This Rock, October 2005)
https://web.archive.org/web/20100305185944/http://www.catholic.com/thisrock/2005/0510fea5.asp
[all Internet Archive links]
https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.catholic.com/thisrock/2005/0510fea5.aspv
Mary: The Ark of the New Covenant (Sonja Corbitt; Catholic Online)
www.catholic.org/hf/faith/story.php?id=34248
Dave Armstrong
https://www.patheos.com/blogs/davearmstrong/2016/01/mary-ark-of-the-new-covenant-biblical-evidences.html
https://www.patheos.com/blogs/davearmstrong/author/davearmstrong
Here are the actual biblical passages where this notion was drawn from (taken from the first draft of my upcoming book.
Bible Proofs for Catholic Truths:
www.patheos.com/blogs/davearmstrong/2009/03/books-by-dave-armstrong-biblical.html
Luke 1:35 (RSV)
And the angel said to her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be called holy, the Son of God.”
The Greek word for overshadow is episkiasei.
Which describes a bright, glorious cloud.
It is used with reference to the cloud of transfiguration of Jesus.
(Mt 17:5; Mk 9:7; Lk 9:34)
And also has a connection to the shekinah glory of God in the Old Testament.
(Ex 24:15-16; 40:34-38; 1 Ki 8:10).
Mary is, therefore, in effect, the new temple and holy of holies, where God was present in a special fashion.
In fact, Scripture draws many parallels between Mary, the “ark of the new covenant” and the ark of the (old) covenant:
Exodus 40:34-35
Then the cloud covered the tent of meeting, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.
And Moses was not able to enter the tent of meeting, because the cloud abode upon it, and the glory of the LORD filled the tabernacle.
The Greek Septuagint translation uses the same word, episkiasei, in this passage.
1 Kings 8:6-11
Then the priests brought the ark of the covenant of the LORD to its place, in the inner sanctuary of the house, in the most holy place, underneath the wings of the cherubim.
For the cherubim spread out their wings over the place of the ark, so that the cherubim made a covering above the ark and its poles.
And the poles were so long that the ends of the poles were seen from the holy place before the inner sanctuary;
But they could not be seen from outside;
And they are there to this day.
There was nothing in the ark except the two tables of stone which Moses put there at Horeb, where the LORD made a covenant with the people of Israel, when they came out of the land of Egypt.
And when the priests came out of the holy place, a cloud filled the house of the LORD, so that the priests could not stand to minister because of the cloud;
For the glory of the LORD filled the house of the LORD.
More direct parallels occur as well:
2 Samuel 6:9
And David was afraid of the LORD that day; and he said, “How can the ark of the LORD come to me?”
Luke 1:43
And why is this granted me, that the mother of my Lord should come to me?
* * *
2 Samuel 6:15
So David and all the house of Israel brought up the ark of the LORD with shouting, and with the sound of the horn.
Luke 1:42
And she exclaimed with a loud cry, “Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb!”
* * *
2 Samuel 6:14, 16
And David danced before the LORD with all his might; and David was girded with a linen ephod. . . . King David leaping and dancing before the LORD . . .
1 Chronicles 15:29
And as the ark of the covenant of the LORD came to the city of David, Michal the daughter of Saul looked out of the window, and saw King David dancing and making merry . . .
Luke 1:44
For behold, when the voice of your greeting came to my ears, the babe in my womb leaped for joy.
* * *
2 Samuel 6:10-11
So David was not willing to take the ark of the LORD into the city of David;
But David took it aside to the house of O’bed-e’dom the Gittite.
And the ark of the LORD remained in the house of O’bed-e’dom the Gittite three months . . .
Luke 1:39, 56
In those days Mary arose and went with haste into the hill country, to a city of Judah, . . .
And Mary remained with her about three months, and returned to her home.
Further reflection on “holy places” and “holy items” brings out the meaning of the striking parallel symbolism.
The Temple and Tabernacle were holy, and this was especially the case with the holy of holies, where the ark was kept. God was said to dwell above the ark, between the two cherubim.
(Ex 25:22)
The presence of God always imparted holiness (Duet 7:6; 26:19; Jer 2:3).
The furnishings of the Tabernacle could not be touched by anyone, save a few priests, on pain of death.
(Num 1:51-53; 2:17; 4:15)
This was true of the holiest things, associated with God and worship of God. The high priest only entered the holy of holies once a year, on the Day of Atonement.
(Num 29:8)
The Jews would tie a rope to his leg in case he perished from improper behavior.
(Lev 16:2, 13)
So they could pull him out.
This was true of the ark itself.
Uzziah merely reached out to steady it when it was toppling over, and was struck dead.
(2 Samuel 6:2-7)
Others died when they simply looked inside of it .
(1 Sam 6:19; cf. Ex 33:20)
This is how God regards people and even inanimate objects that are in close proximity to Him.
Thus, Mary, as the ark of the new covenant, Theotokos (“bearer of God”):
The one who had the sublime honor of carrying God incarnate in her womb, had to be exceptionally holy to do so.
* * * * *
See also related materials:
Ark of the New Covenant (Patrick Madrid: This Rock, Dec. 1991)
https://web.archive.org/web/20100328001924/http://www.catholic.com/thisrock/1991/9112fea1.asp
[all Internet Archive links]
https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.catholic.com/thisrock/1991/9112fea1.asp
The Blessed Virgin Mary (Scripture Catholic: see Section II)
www.scripturecatholic.com/blessed_virgin_mary.html
Mary, the Ark of the New Covenant (Steve Ray: This Rock, October 2005)
https://web.archive.org/web/20100305185944/http://www.catholic.com/thisrock/2005/0510fea5.asp
[all Internet Archive links]
https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.catholic.com/thisrock/2005/0510fea5.aspv
Mary: The Ark of the New Covenant (Sonja Corbitt; Catholic Online)
www.catholic.org/hf/faith/story.php?id=34248
Dec 8, 2018 15:13:56 #
THAT ladies and gentlemen, is an excellent example of how Satan tries to use scripture to justify false doctrine.
Complete and utter rubbish. Satan works overtime in the Catholic church.
Quote:
Mary is, therefore, in effect, the new temple and holy of holies, where God was present in a special fashion.
In fact, Scripture draws many parallels between Mary, the “ark of the new covenant” and the ark of the (old) covenant:
In fact, Scripture draws many parallels between Mary, the “ark of the new covenant” and the ark of the (old) covenant:
Complete and utter rubbish. Satan works overtime in the Catholic church.
Dec 8, 2018 15:38:26 #
rose42.
The Straw-Man fallacy argument again, . . . in your case. . . . The Straw-Woman Protestant fallacy, argument.
Ahhhh, the anti-Catholic hate monger returns, . . . to spew fourth her Protestant self-interpreting mumbo-jumbo gibberish.
Instead of trashing the article post . . . Mary: Ark of the New Covenant (Biblical Evidences)
Why not start refuting the Old and New Testament passages.
Try proving your statement with facts . . . not accusations and false charecuerations "How Satan tries to use scripture to justify false doctrine.
Prove what you say rose42.
Other than that, you are a Protestant "blow-hard" . . . with no voice and nothing to say. . . . What has a cat got your tongue ? . . .
That rose42 my misguided friend . . . you are completely unable to do . . .
Guess you hate the title, Mary the Mother of God.
Refute that rose42, if you can . . .
Better yet, why not contact the Author Dave Armstrong, Catholic apologetics Catholic convert and writer, a former Presbyterian and tell him what you think.
He is on the internet.
To be deep in scripture, is to cease being Protestant.
Venerable, Cardinal John Henry Newman . . . Convert to Catholicism.
Doc110
The Straw-Man fallacy argument again, . . . in your case. . . . The Straw-Woman Protestant fallacy, argument.
Ahhhh, the anti-Catholic hate monger returns, . . . to spew fourth her Protestant self-interpreting mumbo-jumbo gibberish.
Instead of trashing the article post . . . Mary: Ark of the New Covenant (Biblical Evidences)
Why not start refuting the Old and New Testament passages.
Try proving your statement with facts . . . not accusations and false charecuerations "How Satan tries to use scripture to justify false doctrine.
Prove what you say rose42.
Other than that, you are a Protestant "blow-hard" . . . with no voice and nothing to say. . . . What has a cat got your tongue ? . . .
That rose42 my misguided friend . . . you are completely unable to do . . .
Guess you hate the title, Mary the Mother of God.
Refute that rose42, if you can . . .
Better yet, why not contact the Author Dave Armstrong, Catholic apologetics Catholic convert and writer, a former Presbyterian and tell him what you think.
He is on the internet.
To be deep in scripture, is to cease being Protestant.
Venerable, Cardinal John Henry Newman . . . Convert to Catholicism.
Doc110
Rose42 wrote:
THAT ladies and gentlemen, is an excellent example of how Satan tries to use scripture to justify false doctrine.
Complete and utter rubbish.
Satan works overtime in the Catholic church.
THAT ladies and gentlemen, is an excellent example of how Satan tries to use scripture to justify false doctrine.
Complete and utter rubbish.
Satan works overtime in the Catholic church.
Dec 8, 2018 16:18:44 #
Rose42 wrote:
THAT ladies and gentlemen, is an excellent example of how Satan tries to use scripture to justify false doctrine.
Complete and utter rubbish. Satan works overtime in the Catholic church.
Complete and utter rubbish. Satan works overtime in the Catholic church.
Amen and Amen
Dec 8, 2018 16:32:13 #
balmer,
The AOG lackey . . . convert . . .
Try and prove the Article Post is biblically incorrect.
Rose42 couldn't do it.
All she provided was a Straw-man fallacy arguments.
Ahhhh the useful girl-cheerleader comes out of the Troll-hole once again.
The Assembly Of God sycophant dog-groveler suck-up, with no religious coherent speech abilities or poignant thoughts, who can't put more than two words together.
I wish I could be more charitable, you made your course of actions quite known.
How does it feel to be called and labeled as one of the "5 Horse-men Horse-woman of the Protestant Apocalypse."
The title fits . . . your anti-Catholic hatred and religious prejudices . . . .
Doc110
The AOG lackey . . . convert . . .
Try and prove the Article Post is biblically incorrect.
Rose42 couldn't do it.
All she provided was a Straw-man fallacy arguments.
Ahhhh the useful girl-cheerleader comes out of the Troll-hole once again.
The Assembly Of God sycophant dog-groveler suck-up, with no religious coherent speech abilities or poignant thoughts, who can't put more than two words together.
I wish I could be more charitable, you made your course of actions quite known.
How does it feel to be called and labeled as one of the "5 Horse-men Horse-woman of the Protestant Apocalypse."
The title fits . . . your anti-Catholic hatred and religious prejudices . . . .
Doc110
bahmer wrote:
Amen and Amen
Amen and Amen
Dec 8, 2018 16:37:02 #
Doc110 wrote:
balmer, br br The AOG lackey . . . convert . . .... (show quote)
I thought that might get under your very thin skin Doc and you are one of the worst spellers around you have been misspelling my name for some time now not that you care I am sure it just shows your class is all.
Dec 8, 2018 16:37:54 #
Should be bummer
bahmer wrote:
I thought that might get under your very thin skin Doc and you are one of the worst spellers around you have been misspelling my name for some time now not that you care I am sure it just shows your class is all.
Dec 8, 2018 16:47:23 #
A patently false and ridiculous unbiblical claim. A dead woman as the ark of the new covenant.
the worship of Mary is an attack on God Himself. Mary becomes the mother of the Son of God. Mary becomes the mother of God, in their language. She is called the Queen of heaven, and therefore she is the rival of the King of heaven, the sovereign God Himself. As we have learned, she is granted sovereignty. She is worthy of worship, worthy of praise. She demands if you want salvation, that you adore her, that you love her, that you enthrone her because she is loving, gracious, merciful. She is all-knowing, all seeing, and all powerful. De Liguori in “The Glories of Mary,” page 566, quote: “At the command of Mary all obey, even God.” Blasphemy against God.
This goddess worship is also blasphemy against the Holy Spirit. Mary is the comforter. Mary is the sympathizer. Mary is the helper. Mary is the empowerer. Mary is the advocate. Mary is the encourager. Mary is even the sanctifier who works to make her children pure.
This goddess worship is also an attack against the Son. She becomes a counterfeit savior: born sinless, without the stain of original sin, living a sinless life. She is called the all-holy child. She becomes redeemer, provider of salvation, dispenser of forgiveness, source of all blessing, from salvation to glorification. She is called the all-holy one, clearly a title belonging only to God.
https://www.gty.org/library/sermons-library/90-317/exposing-the-idolatry-of-mary-worship-what-the-bible-says
the worship of Mary is an attack on God Himself. Mary becomes the mother of the Son of God. Mary becomes the mother of God, in their language. She is called the Queen of heaven, and therefore she is the rival of the King of heaven, the sovereign God Himself. As we have learned, she is granted sovereignty. She is worthy of worship, worthy of praise. She demands if you want salvation, that you adore her, that you love her, that you enthrone her because she is loving, gracious, merciful. She is all-knowing, all seeing, and all powerful. De Liguori in “The Glories of Mary,” page 566, quote: “At the command of Mary all obey, even God.” Blasphemy against God.
This goddess worship is also blasphemy against the Holy Spirit. Mary is the comforter. Mary is the sympathizer. Mary is the helper. Mary is the empowerer. Mary is the advocate. Mary is the encourager. Mary is even the sanctifier who works to make her children pure.
This goddess worship is also an attack against the Son. She becomes a counterfeit savior: born sinless, without the stain of original sin, living a sinless life. She is called the all-holy child. She becomes redeemer, provider of salvation, dispenser of forgiveness, source of all blessing, from salvation to glorification. She is called the all-holy one, clearly a title belonging only to God.
https://www.gty.org/library/sermons-library/90-317/exposing-the-idolatry-of-mary-worship-what-the-bible-says
Dec 8, 2018 16:58:25 #
Rose42,
So you think you have proved anything with your copy, cut and paste comments from a known anti-Catholic propaganda web-site.
You are a Protestant mean spirited protestant "blow-hard" who can't provide biblical and scriptural facts
All you do is provide protestant conjecture against the Catholic Church and my Catholic faith.
You have given the OPP religious post readers insight to a a very deranged unethical Protestant person . . .
The Straw-Man fallacy argument again, . . . in your case. . . . The Straw-Woman Protestant fallacy, argument.
Ahhhh, the anti-Catholic hate monger returns, . . . to spew fourth her Protestant self-interpreting mumbo-jumbo gibberish.
Instead of trashing the article post . . . Mary: Ark of the New Covenant (Biblical Evidences)
Why not start refuting the Old and New Testament passages.
Try proving your statement with facts . . . not accusations and false charecuerations "How Satan tries to use scripture to justify false doctrine.
Prove what you say rose42.
Other than that, you are a Protestant "blow-hard" . . . with no voice and nothing to say. . . . What has a cat got your tongue ? . . .
That rose42 my misguided friend . . . you are completely unable to do . . .
Guess you hate the title, Mary the Mother of God.
Refute that rose42, if you can . . .
Better yet, why not contact the Author Dave Armstrong, Catholic apologetics Catholic convert and writer, a former Presbyterian and tell him what you think.
He is on the internet.
To be deep in scripture, is to cease being Protestant.
Venerable, Cardinal John Henry Newman . . . Convert to Catholicism.
So you think you have proved anything with your copy, cut and paste comments from a known anti-Catholic propaganda web-site.
You are a Protestant mean spirited protestant "blow-hard" who can't provide biblical and scriptural facts
All you do is provide protestant conjecture against the Catholic Church and my Catholic faith.
You have given the OPP religious post readers insight to a a very deranged unethical Protestant person . . .
The Straw-Man fallacy argument again, . . . in your case. . . . The Straw-Woman Protestant fallacy, argument.
Ahhhh, the anti-Catholic hate monger returns, . . . to spew fourth her Protestant self-interpreting mumbo-jumbo gibberish.
Instead of trashing the article post . . . Mary: Ark of the New Covenant (Biblical Evidences)
Why not start refuting the Old and New Testament passages.
Try proving your statement with facts . . . not accusations and false charecuerations "How Satan tries to use scripture to justify false doctrine.
Prove what you say rose42.
Other than that, you are a Protestant "blow-hard" . . . with no voice and nothing to say. . . . What has a cat got your tongue ? . . .
That rose42 my misguided friend . . . you are completely unable to do . . .
Guess you hate the title, Mary the Mother of God.
Refute that rose42, if you can . . .
Better yet, why not contact the Author Dave Armstrong, Catholic apologetics Catholic convert and writer, a former Presbyterian and tell him what you think.
He is on the internet.
To be deep in scripture, is to cease being Protestant.
Venerable, Cardinal John Henry Newman . . . Convert to Catholicism.
Rose42 wrote:
br br br A patently false and ridiculous unbibl... (show quote)
Dec 8, 2018 17:03:22 #
You don't use straw man correctly Doc.
It's been proven multiple times that praying to Mary is idol worship - proven with scripture. Pretending it hasn't is just you being dishonest again.
It's been proven multiple times that praying to Mary is idol worship - proven with scripture. Pretending it hasn't is just you being dishonest again.
Dec 8, 2018 17:09:10 #
Rose42 wrote:
You don't use straw man correctly Doc.
It's been proven multiple times that praying to Mary is idol worship - proven with scripture. Pretending it hasn't is just you being dishonest again.
It's been proven multiple times that praying to Mary is idol worship - proven with scripture. Pretending it hasn't is just you being dishonest again.
It is my understanding of Presbyterians is that they are not that far removed from the Roman Catholic Church as far as their sacraments are concerned and a lot of their beliefs are very similar so I could see how a Presbyterian could leave the Presbyterian church and join the Roman Catholic Church and hardly miss a beat.
Dec 8, 2018 17:25:52 #
What a bunch of snot-mouth garbage compost
Prove things with facts balmer . . .
other than that you are a lapdog sycophant stooge.
Anyone can make a straw-man comment.
But can you back them up with facts.
Respond with facts, Facts, FACTs, no Supposition's, Innuendo's, Exaggeration's of your own Personal Emotional Belief's, Hypocritical Truth's, Empty Rhetoric devoid of Real Factual Substance and full of Regurgitated Dendrite Compost Opinions
Prove things with facts balmer . . .
other than that you are a lapdog sycophant stooge.
Anyone can make a straw-man comment.
But can you back them up with facts.
Respond with facts, Facts, FACTs, no Supposition's, Innuendo's, Exaggeration's of your own Personal Emotional Belief's, Hypocritical Truth's, Empty Rhetoric devoid of Real Factual Substance and full of Regurgitated Dendrite Compost Opinions
Dec 8, 2018 17:29:52 #
bahmer wrote:
It is my understanding of Presbyterians is that they are not that fare removed from the Roman Catholic Church as far as their sacraments are concerned and a lot of their beliefs are very similar so I could see how a Presbyterian could leave the Presbyterian church and join the Roman Catholic Church and hardly miss a beat.
Yes that's my understanding as well. For someone who says they were Christian to have converted to Catholicism means they were never a Christian in the first place.
Dec 8, 2018 17:33:13 #
Both you nincompoops can't answer the salacious straw-man question on the Bible.
Mary: Ark of the New Covenant (Biblical Evidences)
Prove what you say Biblically
Mary: Ark of the New Covenant (Biblical Evidences)
Prove what you say Biblically
Dec 8, 2018 18:48:36 #
Proof biblically? It's been shown and proven so many times -biblically - how and why praying to Mary is idol worship. Read.
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