Loki wrote:
There is no such thing as a "Native American." The "Native Americans" are transplants from Central Asia, nor are the ones claiming the title today even part of the first wave.
Indian tribes warred with each other constantly. The Catawba Indians, the Delaware, were practically exterminated by other tribes before the white man even came to this continent. The Anasazi Indians, the Mound Builders, gone. The Hopi were warred on constantly by the Navajo, and to a lesser extent the Apache. The Iroquois were empire builders. The Lakota acquired their land by warring on the far less numerous Pawnee and Crow until they were forced to flee.
Many Indians died from diseases that the white man brought from Europe. They had no natural immunity. At the time, how diseases were spread was not understood by most people. The only case of deliberate infection of Indians with disease that I am aware of occurred during the French and Indian War, when British general Amherst sent Indians a bunch of smallpox infected blankets.
If you want genocide, look to Mexico and South America. The Aztecs sacrificed tens of thousands of victims to the Sun God. So did the Inca in South America. The Conquistadores found willing allies in the subjugated tribes the Aztecs especially, preyed on.
The Spanish and Portuguese truly did exterminate millions of Indians.
There is no such thing as a "Native American.... (
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All that is true so we will call the immigrants from Asia the aborigines the original peoples of the American continent. The Iroquois was a confederacy of six nations, the Mohawk, the Onondaga, Oneida, Cayuga, Seneca, and Tuscarora, they had a constitution and women were allowed to vote centuries before they were in the US. As far as Genocide. In 1492 an estimated 10 million people inhabited the continental US European diseases wiped out 90 % of the population. Cultural wars with the aborigines for over 400 years.
After the American Revolution, many Native American lives were already lost to disease and displacement. In 1830, the federal Indian Removal Act called for the removal of the ‘Five Civilized Tribes’ – the Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek and Seminole. Between 1830 and 1838, federal officials working on behalf of white cotton growers forced nearly 100,000 Indians out of their homeland. The dangerous journey from the southern states to “Indian Territory” in current Oklahoma is referred to as the Trail of Tears in which 4,000 Cherokee people died of cold, hunger, and disease. In 1784, one British traveler noted:
“White Americans have the most rancorous antipathy to the whole race of Indians; and nothing is more common than to hear them talk of extirpating them totally from the face of the earth, men, women, and children.”
In particular, the 1848 California gold rush caused 300,000 people to migrate to San Francisco from the East Coast and South America. Historians believe that California was once the most densely and diversely populated area for Native Americans in U.S. territory; however, the gold rush had massive implications for Native American livelihoods. Toxic chemicals and gravel ruined traditional Native hunting and agricultural practices, resulting in starvation for many Natives.
Further, in 1850, the California state government passed the Act for the Government and Protection of Indians that addressed the punishment and protection of Native Americans, and helped to facilitate the removal of their culture and land. It also legalized slavery and was referenced for the buying and selling of Native children.
“A war of extermination will continue to be waged between the two races until the Indian race becomes extinct.”
– California Governor Peter H. Burnett, 1851
In 1890, Wounded Knee, located on the Pine Ridge Reservation in North Dakota, government officials believed chief Sitting Bull was a Ghost Dancer, someone who rejects “the ways of the white man” and believes that the gods will create a new world without non-believers. In the process of arresting Sitting Bull, federal officials actually ended up killing him, causing a massive rebellion that led to the deaths of over 150 Natives in Pine Ridge. An example of a genocidal event that has featured prominently in the field's historiography is the Sand Creek Massacre of 1864. On the morning of November 29, 1864, the Colorado Third Cavalry, under the command of Colonel John M. Chivington, attacked the sleeping encampment of Chief Black Kettle's Cheyenne and Arapaho at Sand Creek. The resulting scene left a large number of unarmed Native American men, women, and children dead, their bodies mutilated by Chivington's men. This horrific event has received considerable attention from scholars due to certain statements made previous to the attack. In authorizing Chivington's Third Cavalry in their 100-day tour of duty, Colorado Governor John Evans gave instructions to "kill and destroy, as enemies of the country, wherever they may be found, all such hostile Indians" (U.S. Congress, House of Representatives, 1865, p. 47). It was later reported that Chivington echoed this policy by pronouncing his goal to "kill and scalp all, little and big; that nits made lice" (U.S. Congress, Senate, 1865, p. 71). Taken together, a specific group was singled out for utter destruction, and the actions of the Colorado Third Cavalry on the cold morning of November 29, 1864, indicate that such intent was actualized in the massacre of members of that defined group